1274

For broader historical context, see 1270s and 13th century.

Years: 1271 1272 1273 - 1274 - 1275 1276 1277
Decades: 1240s 1250s 1260s - 1270s - 1280s 1290s 1300s
Centuries: 12th century - 13th century - 14th century 1274 state leaders

Events

May 7 - The Second Council of Lyons, held by the leadership of the Roman Catholic Church convenes to consider the conquest of the Holy Land via Crusades and address the East-West Schism with the Byzantine church. The Council eventually approves a tithe to support efforts to conquer the Holy Land from Muslims, and reaches apparent resolution of the schism which ultimately proves unsuccessful.
November - The diet at Nuremberg orders that all crown estates seized since the death of Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor be restored to Rudolph I of Germany; almost all European rulers agree, with the notable exception of King Otakar II of Bohemia, who had benefited greatly by conquering or otherwise coming into possession of many of those lands.
Pope Gregory X decrees that conclaves (meetings during which the electors have no contact with the outside) should be used for papal elections, reforming the electoral process which had taken over three years to elect him.

King Edward I of England finally returns from the Ninth Crusade to England to be coronated king, two years after his father King Henry III's death.
King Edward I of England enforces a decree requiring all English Jews to wear yellow badges.
The first main survey of the Hundred Rolls, an English census seen as a follow up to the Domesday Book completed in 1086, is begun; it lasts until 1275.

November 20 - The Mongol Empire attempts the first of several invasions of Japan; after the Mongols capture outlying islands, they are repulsed on the main island at the Battle of Bun'ei by amassed Japanese warriors and a strong storm which batters their forces and fleet. Credit for the storm — called a kamikaze, or divine wind — is given by the Japanese to the god Raiden.
Nichiren, founder of Nichiren Buddhism, enters a voluntary exile on Mount Minobu.

July 11 - Robert the Bruce, King of Scotland (died 1329)
Eric VI of Denmark (died 1319)
Saint Louis of Toulouse (died 1297)
Adam Murimuth, English ecclesiastic and chronicler (approximate date; died 1347)
Marchetto da Padova, Italian music theorist (approximate date)

March 7 - Saint Thomas Aquinas, Italian Catholic theologian (born 1225)
July 15 - Bonaventure, Italian theologian and saint (born 1221)
August 15 - Robert de Sorbon, French theologian and founder of the Sorbonne (born 1201)
September 2 - Prince Munetaka, Japanese shogun (born 1242)
Henry III of Champagne
Aedh mac Felim Ua Conchobair, King of Connacht
Nasir al-Din Tusi, Persian scientist and writer (born 1201)