1975 in science

From Freepedia

The year 1975 in science and technology included many events, some of which are listed below.

Contents 1 Astronomy and space exploration 2 Biology 3 Computer science 4 Awards 5 Births 6 Deaths 7 References

Astronomy and space exploration

• August 20 - Viking program: NASA launches the Viking 1 planetary probe toward Mars.

Biology

• August 7 - César Milstein and Georges Köhler report their discovery of how to use hybridoma cells to isolate monoclonal antibodies, effectively beginning the history of monoclonal antibody use in science^[1][2]

Computer science

• January - Altair 8800 is released, sparking the era of the microcomputer
• July 17 - Apollo-Soyuz Test Project: An American Apollo and a Soviet Soyuz spacecraft dock with each other in orbit marking the first such link-up between spacecraft from the two nations.
• 1975 - Bill Gates and Paul Allen develop a BASIC program for the Altair 8800. They form a company initially called Micro Soft; the company's name is later changed to Microsoft.

Awards

• Nobel Prizes
  • Physics Aage Niels Bohr, Ben Roy Mottelson, James Rainwater
  • Chemistry - John Warcup Cornforth, Vladimir Prelog
  • Medicine - David Baltimore, Renato Dulbecco, Howard Martin Temin
• Turing Award - Allen Newell, Herbert Simon

Births

Deaths

• February 14 - Julian Huxley (b. 1887), British biologist and author.

References

1. ^  Reference: Kohler, G.; Milstein, C. (1975). Continuous cultures of fused cells secreting antibody of predefined specificity. Nature 256(5517), 495-497. PMID 1172191
2. ^  Reference: Waldman, Thomas A. (2003). Immunotherapy: past, present and future. Nature Medicine 9, 269-277.