Alveolar trill
From Freepedia
| IPA – number | 122 |
| IPA – text | r |
| IPA – image | Image:Xsampa-r.png |
| entity | r |
| X-SAMPA | r |
| Kirshenbaum | r<trl> |
| Sound sample ▶(?) | |
|---|---|
The alveolar trill is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages (such as Russian, Spanish, Armenian, and Polish). The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is r, and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is r. It is informally called the rolling R or rolled R.
Contents |
Features
Features of the alveolar trill:
- Its manner of articulation is trill, which means it is produced by vibrations of the tongue against the place of articulation.
- Its place of articulation is alveolar which means it is articulated with the tip of the tongue against the alveolar ridge.
- Its phonation type is voiced, which means the vocal cords are vibrating during the articulation.
- It is an oral consonant, which means air is allowed to escape through the mouth.
- It is a central consonant, which means it is produced by allowing the airstream to flow over the middle of the tongue, rather than the sides.
- The airstream mechanism is pulmonic egressive, which means it is articulated by pushing air out of the lungs and through the vocal tract, rather than from the glottis or the mouth.
In English
Most dialects of English lack an alveolar trill. The most notable exception is the Scottish dialect. This particular sound is very challenging to produce for people who do not have it in their native tongue. It is popular in Canada to say the expression "Roll up the rim to win", made popular by the Tim Hortons doughnut shop chain, using rolled R's.
In other languages
Alveolar trills are common in Slavic languages like Russian and Polish, as well as Romance languages such as Spanish and Italian. French, however, uses the uvular trill instead.
A voiceless version of this sound, [r̥], occurs in Welsh, and is written as rh. The voiceless alveolar trill also was most likely allophonic to its voiced counterpart in Ancient Greek.
Some Malayalam speakers pronounce both of their language's rhotics as trills. These people contrast a prealveolar (~ dental) and a postalveolar trill: [r̟] vs. [r̠].
See also
| Consonants (List, table) | See also: IPA, Vowels | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| This page contains phonetic information in IPA, which may not display correctly in some browsers. [Help] Where symbols appear in pairs, the one to the right represents a voiced consonant. Shaded areas denote pulmonic articulations judged impossible. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
