Arthur Conolly

From Freepedia

Arthur Conolly (1807 - June 1842) (sometimes misspelled Connolly) was a British intelligence officer, explorer and writer. He was a captain of the Sixth Bengal Light Cavalry, who worked for the British East India Company.

Biography

Conolly participated in many reconnaisance missions into Central Asia and coined the term The Great Game to describe the struggle between the British Empire and Russia for domination over Central Asia. Often travelling in disguise, he used the name "Khan Ali" in a word-play on his true name. In 1834 he published an account of his overland trip from Great Britain to India via Central Asia, which established his reputation as a traveler and writer.

In 1841, in an attempt to counter the growing penetration of Russia into Central Asia, Conolly unsuccessfully tried to persuade the various khanates to put aside their differences. He was captured on a rescue mission to free fellow British officer Lieutenant Colonel Charles Stoddart, and the two were executed by the Emir of Bukhara, Nasrullah Khan in June 1842 on charges of spying for the British Empire.

In 1845, Rev. Joseph Wolff, who had undertaken an expedition to discover the two officers' fate and barely escaped with his life, published an extensive account of his travels in Central Asia, which made Conolly and Stoddart household names in Britain for years to come.

Conolly's portrait by James Atkinson is in the British National Portrait Gallery. His 1840-1842 diaries as well as letters and reports to Sir J. C. Hobhouse and William Cabell are in the British Library; his 1839 letters to Viscount Ponsonby are in the Durham University library.

Bibliography

• Lt. Arthur Conolly. Journey to the North of India: overland from England through Russia, Persia, and Afghanistan. London, Richard Bentley, 1834. Reprints:
  • Elibron Classics, 2002.
  • New Delhi, Laurier Books Ltd, Asian Educational Services, 2001, ISBN 8120615891 ISBN 812061589X

References

• Rev. Joseph Wolff (1795 - 1862). Narrative of a mission to Bokhara, in the years 1843-1845, to ascertain the fate of Colonel Stoddart and Captain Conolly. London, J.W. Parker, 1845. First and second (revised) edition both came out in 1845. Reprints:
  • New York, Harper & Bros., 1845
  • Edinburgh and London, William Blackwood & Sons, 1848
  • New York, Arno Press, 1970 ISBN 040503072X
  • Elibron Classics, 2001, ISBN 1402161166)
  • A mission to Bokhara. Edited and abridged with an introduction by Guy Wint. London, Routledge & K. Paul, 1969. ISBN 071006456X