Botanical garden
From Freepedia
Botanical gardens (in Latin hortus botanicus) grow a wide variety of plants categorized and documented for scientific purposes, and for the enjoyment and education of visitors, an important secondary consideration essential for public funding. An intrinsic part of every botanical garden is its herbarium of dried documented plant material, and its library. Another expectation of a botanical garden is that it is professionally staffed. European botanical gardens were active from the late 18th century in sending out plant-collecting expeditions and in publishing Flora of various parts of the world. Not all botanical gardens have been open to the general public: see, for example, the Chelsea Physic Garden.
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Research
The scientific work done at botanical gardens includes studies of how to adapt exotic plants to grow in the locale of the garden; taxonomic studies; and the propagation of rare or endangered species of plant. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, near London, has been publishing a scientific journal of botanical research, illustrated in color, since the late 18th century.
Educational work
Educational projects range from introductions to plants that thrive in different environments to practical advice for the home gardener. Many botanical gardens have plant shops, selling flowers, herbs, and vegetable seedlings suitable for transplantation. Some botanical gardens such as the UBC Botanical Garden and Centre for Plant Research and the Chicago Botanical Garden have plant breeding programs and introduce new plants to the horticultural trade.
 Inside the United States Botanic Garden |
 Inside Kew Gardens Palm House |
 A botanical garden of Kitchener's Island, Aswan |
History
The first modern botanical gardens were founded in Northern Italy in connection with universities:
Other European towns followed suit:
- Leiden, Netherlands (1590)
- Montpellier, France (1593)
- Heidelberg, Germany (1597)
- Tübingen, Germany by Leonhart Fuchs
- Copenhagen, Denmark (1600)
- Uppsala, Sweden (1655)
- Hannover, Germany (1666)
See also
External links
- Brooklyn Botanic Garden
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
- New York Botanical Garden
- Royal Botanical Gardens, Burlington, Ontario
- Royal Gardens of Herrenhausen, Hannover
- Chicago Botanic Garden
- Hortus Botanicus Leiden
- United States Botanic Garden
- Frederik Meijer Gardens and Sculpture Park
