Cardiology
From Freepedia
Cardiology is the branch of medicine dealing with disorders of the heart and blood vessels. The field is commonly divided in the branches of coronary artery disease, heart failure, valvular heart disease and electrophysiology. Physicians specializing in this field of medicine are called cardiologists.
Anatomy & physiology
Basic anatomy (Structure of the heart)
- Epicardium
- Pericardium
- Myocardium
- Papillary muscle
- Endocardium
- Coronary circulation (Blood supply of the heart)
- Heart valves
Circulatory system (Blood supply of the body)
Pulmonary circulation (Oxygenation of the blood)
Cardiac pacemaker (Electrical system of the heart)
- Electrical conduction system of the heart
- Sinoatrial node
- Atrioventricular node
- Bundle of His
- Purkinje fibers
Basic cardiac physiology
Disorders of the coronary circulation
- Atherosclerosis
- Restenosis
- Coronary heart disease (Ischaemic heart disease, Coronary artery disease)
- Acute coronary syndrome
- Angina
- Myocardial infarction (Heart attack)
Disorders of the myocardium (muscle of the heart)
- Cardiomyopathy
- Ischemic cardiomyopathy
- Nonischemic cardiomyopathy
- Amyloid cardiomyopathy
- Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM)
- Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) (Idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis (IHSS))
- Apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
- Dilated cardiomyopathy
- Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia (Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy)
- Restrictive cardiomyopathy
- Congestive heart failure
- Cardiac arrest
- Primary tumors of the heart
Disorders of the pericardium (outer lining of the heart)
Disorders of the heart valves
- Aortic valve disorders
- Mitral valve disorders
- Pulmonic valve disorders
- Tricuspid valve disorders
Disorders of the electrical system of the heart (Cardiac electrophysiology)
- Cardiac arrhythmias
- Supraventricular tachycardia (Fast rhythms that originate above the ventricles)
- Atrial fibrillation
- Atrial flutter
- Atrial tachycardia
- Sick sinus syndrome (Tachy-Brady syndrome)
- AV nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT)
- AV reentrant tachycardia (AVRT)
- Supraventricular tachycardia (Fast rhythms that originate above the ventricles)
- Bigeminy
- Premature ventricular contraction
- Ventricular tachycardia
- Ventricular fibrillation
- Sick sinus syndrome
- Heart block
- Specific diseases of the electrical system of the heart
Inflammation and infection of the heart
Congenital heart disease
- Atrial septal defect
- Ventricular septal defect
- Patent ductus arteriosus
- Bicuspid aortic valve
- Tetralogy of Fallot
- Transposition of the great vessels (TGV)
Diseases of blood vessels (Vascular diseases)
- Vasculitis
- Atherosclerosis
- Aneurysm
- Varicose veins
- Economy class syndrome
- Diseases of the aorta
- Diseases of the carotid arteries
Procedures done for coronary artery disease
- Atherectomy
- Angioplasty (PTCA)
- Coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG)
- Enhanced external counterpulsation (EECP)
Devices used in cardiology
- Devices used to maintain normal electrical rhythm
- Devices used to maintain blood pressure
Diagnostic tests and procedures
- Echocardiogram
- Cardiac stress test
- Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG)
- Electrophysiologic study
- Sphygmomanometer (Blood pressure cuff)
- IVUS (IntraVascular UltraSound)
- Cardiac enzymes
Cardiac pharmaceutical agents
The followings are medications commonly prescribed in cardiology:
- Antiarrhythmic agents
- Type I (sodium channel blockers)
- Type Ia
- Type Ib
- Type Ic
- Type II (beta blockers)
- Type III (potassium channel blockers)
- Type IV (slow calcium channel blockers)
- Type V
- Type I (sodium channel blockers)
- ACE inhibitors
- Angiotensin II receptor antagonists
- Beta blocker
- Calcium channel blocker
See also
External links
- U.S. National Institue of Health (NIH)
- European Society of Cardiology
- American College of Cardiology
- American Heart Association
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