February 19

From Freepedia

February 19 is the 50th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. There are 315 days remaining, 316 in leap years.

Template:FebruaryCalendar2008

1 Events
2 Births
3 Deaths
4 Holidays and observances
5 External links

Events

197 – Roman Emperor Septimius Severus defeats usurper Clodius Albinus in the Battle of Lugdunum, the bloodiest battle between Roman armies.
607 - Boniface III becomes Pope.
1594 - Having already inherited the throne of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth through his mother Catherine Jagellonica of Poland, Sigismund III of the House of Vasa is crowned King of Sweden, succeeding his father John III of Sweden.
1674 - England and the Netherlands sign the Peace of Westminster, ending the Third Anglo-Dutch War. A provision of the agreement transfers the Dutch colony of New Amsterdam to England, which renamed it New York.
1807 - In Alabama, Former Vice President of the United States Aaron Burr is arrested for treason.
1819 - British explorer William Smith discovers the South Shetland Islands, and claims them in the name of King George III.
1846 - In Austin, Texas the newly-formed Texas state government is officially installed.
1847 - The Donner Party is rescued. It is noted that some of the survivors seem to be remarkably well-fed considering their ordeal.
1852 - The Phi Kappa Psi fraternity is founded at Jefferson College in Canonsburg, Pennsylvania.
1861 - Serfdom is abolished in Russia.
1878 - The phonograph is patented by Thomas Edison.
1881 - Kansas became the first U.S. state to prohibit all alcoholic beverages.
1913 - Prizes are included in Cracker Jack candy boxes for the first time.
1915 - World War I: The Battle of Gallipoli began.
1941 - World War II: The Deutsches Afrikakorps, the corps-level headquarters controlling the German Panzer divisions in North Africa, was formed.
1942 - World War II: About 150 Japanese warplanes attack Darwin, Australia.
1942 - World War II: President Franklin D. Roosevelt signs the executive order 9066, allowing the United States military to relocate Japanese-Americans to Japanese internment camps.
1943 - World War II: Battle of the Kasserine Pass in Tunisia begins.
1945 - World War II: Battle of Iwo Jima - about 30,000 United States Marines land on Iwo Jima.
1949 - Ezra Pound is awarded the first Bollingen Prize in poetry by the Bollingen Foundation and Yale University.
1953 - Censorship: Georgia approves the first literature censorship board in the United States.
1959 - The United Kingdom grants Cyprus its independence, which is then on formally proclaimed on August 16, 1960.
1964 - Paul Simon writes "The Sounds of Silence," the song which, in a year and a half, will catapult him and Art Garfunkel to stardom as Simon & Garfunkel.
1985 - Artificial heart patient William J. Schroeder becomes the first such patient to leave hospital.
1985 - A Spanish Boeing 747 crashes into Mount Oiz in Spain, killing 148.
1985 - EastEnders first airs on televisions across the United Kingdom, on the first night of a major ident change for BBC1.
1986 - The Soviet Union launches the Mir space station.
1986 - After waiting 37 years, the United States Senate approves a treaty outlawing genocide.
1999 - Dennis Franz receives a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.
2001 - A Oklahoma City bombing museum is dedicated at the Oklahoma City National Memorial.
2002 - NASA's Mars Odyssey space probe begins to map the surface of Mars using its thermal emission imaging system.
2004 - Nazi-hunter Simon Wiesenthal is awarded an honorary knighthood in recognition of a "lifetime of service to humanity."

Births

1473 - Nicolaus Copernicus, Polish astronomer (d. 1543)
1526 - Charles de L'Ecluse, Flemish botanist (d. 1609)
1552 - Melchior Klesl, Austrian cardinal and statesman (d. 1630)
1630 - Shivaji, founder of the Maratha Empire (d. 1680)
1660 - Friedrich Hoffmann, German physician and chemist (d. 1742)
1717 - David Garrick, English actor (d. 1779)
1722 - Tiphaigne de la Roche, French writer (d. 1774)
1743 - Luigi Boccherini, Italian composer (d. 1805)
1802 - Wilhelm Matthias Näff, Swiss Federal Councillor (d. 1881)
1804 - David Wark, Canadian politician and Senator (d. 1905)
1821 - August Schleicher, German linguist (d. 1868)
1833 - Élie Ducommun, Swiss journalist and activist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1906)
1859 - Svante Arrhenius, Swedish chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1927)
1865 - Sven Hedin, Swedish explorer (d. 1952)
1876 - Constantin Brancusi, Romanian sculptor (d. 1957)
1877 - Gabriele Münter, German painter (d. 1962)
1888 - José Eustasio Rivera, Colombian writer (d. 1928)
1893 - Sir Cedric Hardwicke, British actor (d. 1964)
1895 - Louis Calhern, American actor (d. 1956)
1899 - Yury Olesha, Russian novelist (d. 1960)
1900 - Giorgos Seferis, Greek writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1971)
1902 - Kay Boyle, American writer (d. 1992)
1911 - Merle Oberon, British actress (d. 1979)
1912 - Stan Kenton, American musician (d. 1979)
1914 - Jacques Dufilho, French comedian and actor (d. 2005)
1916 - Eddie Arcaro, American jockey (d. 1997)
1917 - Carson McCullers, American author (d. 1967)
1920 - Jaan Kross, Estonian writer
1920 - George Rose, British music hall entertainer (d. 1988)
1924 - David Bronstein, Ukrainian chess player
1924 - Lee Marvin, American actor (d. 1987)
1930 - John Frankenheimer, American film director (d. 2002)
1940 - Smokey Robinson, American musician
1941 - David Gross, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
1942 - Paul Krause, American football player
1943 - Lou Christie, American singer
1945 - Michael Nader, American actor
1946 - Karen Silkwood, American activist (d. 1974)
1948 - Tony Iommi, British musician (Black Sabbath)
1948 - Pim Fortuyn, Dutch politician (d. 2002)
1949 - Dan Bunten, American software developer (d. 1998)
1951 - Tahir-ul-Qadri, Islamic scholar and leader
1951 - Stephen Nichols, American actor
1952 - Amy Tan, American novelist
1953 - Massimo Troisi, Italian actor (d. 1994)
1954 - Socrates, Brazilian footballer
1955 - Jeff Daniels, American actor
1955 - Margaux Hemingway, American model and actress (d. 1996)
1956 - Roderick MacKinnon, American biologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry
1957 - Falco, Austrian singer (d. 1998)
1957 - Ray Winstone, British actor
1960 - Andrew, Duke of York
1962 - Hana Mandlikova, Czech tennis player
1963 - Seal, English singer
1964 - Dmitri Lipskerov, Russian writer
1966 - Justine Bateman, American actress
1966 - Paul Haarhuis, Dutch tennis player
1967 - Benicio Del Toro, Puerto Rican actor
1969 - Burton C. Bell, American vocalist (Fear Factory)
1983 - Vitas, Russian singer
1985 - Haylie Duff, American singer and actress
1986 - Maria Mena, Norwegian singer

Deaths

197 - Clodius Albinus, Roman governor of Britain
1133 - Irene Ducaena, wife of Alexius I Comnenus (b. 1066)
1553 - Erasmus Reinhold, German astronomer and mathematician (b. 1511)
1605 - Orazio Vecchi, Italian composer (b. 1550)
1602 - Philippe Emmanuel, Duke of Mercoeur, French soldier (b. 1558)
1620 - Roemer Visscher, Dutch writer (b. 1547)
1622 - Henry Savile, English educator (b. 1549)
1653 - Luigi de Rossi, Italian composer (b. 1597)
1663 - Adam Adami, German bishop and diplomat (b. 1603)
1670 - King Frederick III of Denmark (b. 1609)
1672 - Charles Chauncy, English-born president of Harvard College (b. 1592)
1709 - Tokugawa Tsunayoshi, Japanese shogun (b. 1646)
1799 - Jean-Charles de Borda, French mathematician, physicist, political scientist, and sailor (b. 1733)
1837 - Georg Büchner, German playwright (b. 1813)
1887 - Multatuli, Dutch writer (b. 1820)
1897 - Karl Weierstraß, German mathematician (b. 1815)
1916 - Ernst Mach, Austrian-Czech physicist and philosopher (b. 1838)
1927 - Robert Fuchs, Austrian composer (b. 1847)
1936 - Billy Mitchell, American general and military aviation pioneer (b. 1879)
1936 - Max Schreck, German actor (b. 1879)
1942 - Frank Abbandando, American gangster (executed) (b. 1910)
1951 - André Gide, French writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1869)
1952 - Knut Hamsun, Norwegian author, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1859)
1969 - Madge Blake, American actress (b. 1899)
1972 - Tedd Pierce, American animator (b. 1906)
1972 - John Grierson, Scottish documentary filmmaker (b. 1898)
1973 - Joseph Szigeti, Hungarian violinist (b. 1892)
1975 - Luigi Dallapiccola, Italian composer (b. 1904)
1980 - Bon Scott, Australian musician (AC/DC) (b. 1946)
1983 - Alice White, American film actress (b. 1904)
1986 - Adolfo Celi, Italian actor (b. 1922)
1994 - Derek Jarman, British Film Director (b. 1942)
1997 - Deng Xiaoping, Chinese Communist leader and revolutionary (b. 1904)
1997 - Leo Rosten, American Yiddish writer and humorist (b. 1908)
1997 - Charles O. Finley, American sports entrepreneur (b. 1918)
1998 - Grandpa Jones, American banjo player and comedian (b. 1913)
1999 - Mohammad Sadeq al-Sadr, Iraqi Shiite leader (assissinated)
2000 - Friedensreich Hundertwasser, Austrian artist (b. 1928)
2001 - Priscilla Davis, American socialite (b. 1942)
2001 - Stanley Kramer, American director (b. 1913)
2001 - Charles Trenet, French singer (b. 1913)
2003 - Johnny Paycheck, American singer (b. 1938)
2004 - Clark Byers, American sign maker
2004 - Hermann Krings, German philosopher