List of Polish monarchs
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Polish monarchs |
Poland was ruled by dukes (c.962-1025, 1032-1076, 1079-1295, 1296-1300 and 1306-1320) and kings (1025-1032, 1076-1079, 1295-1296, 1300-1305 and 1320-1795). The best-known dynasties are the Piast (c.962-1370) and Jagiellonian (1386-1572); intervening and subsequent monarchs were often rulers also of neighboring lands, or princes drawn from foreign dynasties. Polish kingship ended after the Third Partition in 1795, and independence was restored on a republican basis in 1918.
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Kingdom of the Piasts
Kingdom of the first Piasts
- 9th c. Siemowit (disputable)
- 9th c.-10th c. Lestko (disputable)
- 10th c. Siemomysł (disputable)
- ca 960-992 Mieszko I (duke)
- 992-1025 Boleslaus I the Brave (king in 1025)
- 1025-1031 Mieszko II Lambert (king)
- 1031 Bezprym
- 1032-1034 Mieszko II Lambert (duke)
- 1039-1058 Casimir I the Restorer
- 1058-1079 Boleslaus II the Generous (king 1076-1079; deposed)
- 1079-1102 Wladislaus I Herman
- 1102-1107 Zbigniew
- 1102-1138 Boleslaus III the Wrymouth
Kingdom of Poland during feudal dissolution
Piast dynasty
- 1138-1146 Wladislaus II the Exile (overlord; exiled by his brothers)
- 1146-1173 Boleslaus IV the Curly (overlord)
- 1173-1177 Mieszko III the Old (overlord)
- 1177-1194 Casimir II the Just (duke of Kraków)
- 1194-1202 Leszek I the White (duke of Kraków)
- 1202 Wladislaus III Spindleshanks
- 1202-1210 Leszek I the White (duke of Kraków)
- 1210-1211 Mieszko IV Plątonogi
- 1211-1227 Leszek I the White (assassinated on the orders of Świętopełk II of Pomerania)
- 1227-1229 Wladislaus III Spindleshanks
- 1229-1232 Konrad I of Masovia
- 1232-1238 Henry I the Bearded (duke of Kraków)
- 1238-1241 Henry II the Pious (duke of Kraków; killed in the Battle of Legnica)
- 1241-1243 Konrad I of Masovia (duke of Kraków)
- 1243-1279 Boleslaus V the Chaste (duke of Kraków)
- 1279-1288 Leszek II the Black
- 1288-1290 Henry IV Probus (duke of Kraków)
- 1290-1296 Przemysł II (duke of Kraków 1290-1291, king 1295-1296)
- 1291-1305 Wenceslaus II (king 1300-1305)
- 1305-1306 Wenceslaus III (king; assassinated before crowning)
Kingdom of the later Piasts
Piast dynasty
- 1306-1333 Wladislaus I the Elbow-high (duke of Kraków 1305-1320; king 1320-1333; all of his successors were kings)
- 1333-1370 Casimir III the Great
Kingdom of the Angevins
Angevin dynasty
- 1370-1382 Louis of Hungary
- 1384-1399 Jadwiga of Poland (crowned King of Poland; reigned from 1386 with her husband Wladislaus)
Kingdom of the Jagiellons
- 1386-1434 Wladislaus II Jagiełło (reigned until 1399 with his wife Jadwiga)
- 1434-1444 Wladislaus III of Varna (killed in the Battle of Varna)
- 1447-1492 Casimir IV the Jagiellonian
- 1492-1501 John I Olbracht
- 1501-1506 Alexander the Jagiellonian
- 1506-1548 Sigismund I the Old
- 1548-1572 Sigismund II Augustus
Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
- 1573-1574 Henry Valois (abandoned the throne and fled to France, where he was crowned Henry III)
House of Báthory
Vasa dynasty
- 1587-1632 Sigismund III Vasa
- 1632-1648 Wladislaus IV Vasa
- 1648-1668 John II Casimir (abdicated and rejoined the Jesuit order in France)
House of Wiśniowiecki
House of Sobieski
Wettin dynasty
- 1697-1706 Augustus II the Strong (renounced the throne in the Treaty of Altranstadt)
House of Leszczyński
- 1704-1709 Stanislaus I Leszczyński (emigrated after the Swedish defeat in the Battle of Poltava)
Wettin dynasty
- 1709-1733 Augustus II the Strong
House of Leszczyński
- 1733-1736 Stanislaus I Leszczyński (abdicated and became Duke of Lorraine)
Wettin dynasty
House of Poniatowski
- 1764-1795 Stanislaus II Augustus Poniatowski (abdicated after the Third Partition of Poland)
Partitions
Duchy of Warsaw
Wettin dynasty
- 1807-1815 Frederick Augustus I of Saxony (the Duchy was abolished at the Congress of Vienna)
Congress Kingdom
Romanov dynasty
- 1815-1825 Alexander I of Russia
- 1825-1831 Nicholas I of Russia (deposed by the Sejm during the November Uprising)
Grand Duchy of Poznań
Hohenzollern dynasty
- 1815-1840 Frederick William III of Prussia (represented by Duke-Governor Antoni Radziwiłł until 1831)
- 1840-1849 Frederick William IV of Prussia (the autonomy of the Grand Duchy was abolished in 1849)
See also
- Royal coronations in Poland
- President of the Republic of Poland
- Dukes of Cuiavia
- Dukes of Greater Poland
- Dukes of Little Poland
- Dukes of Masovia
- Dukes of Sieradz-Łęczyca
- Dukes of Silesia
- Wikipedia:Guidelines for the spelling of names of Polish rulers
