List of biologists

From Freepedia

This is a list of notable biologists. It includes zoologists, botanists, ornithologists, malacologists, naturalists and other specialities. See also the list of botanists by author abbreviation and the list of zoologists by author abbreviation.

Do not add names, unless there is also a biography available.

Contents:	Top - 0–9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

A

• Humayun Abdulali (1914-2001), Indian ornithologist
• Erik Acharius (1757-1819), Swedish botanist
• Johann Friedrich Adam (18th cent - 1806), Russian botanist
• Michel Adanson (1727-1806), French naturalist (abbr. in botany : Adans.)
• Adam Afzelius (1750-1837), Swedish botanist
• Carl Adolph Agardh (1785-1859), Swedish botanist
• Jacob Georg Agardh (1813-1901), Swedish botanist
• Louis Agassiz (1807-1873), Swiss zoologist
• Alexander Agassiz (1835-1910), American zoologist, son of Louis Agassiz
• Nikolaus Ager (1568-1634), French botanist
• William Aiton (1731-1793), Scottish botanist (abbr. in botany : Aiton)
• Boyd Alexander (1873-1910), English ornithologist
• Horace Alexander, (1889-1989), English ornithologist
• Richard D. Alexander, (born 1930) American evolutionary biologist
• Wilfred Backhouse Alexander (1885-1965), English ornithologist
• Alfred William Alcock, (1859-1933), British naturalist
• Salim Ali, (1896-1987), Indian ornithologist
• Frédéric-Louis Allamand (1736 - after 1803), Swiss botanist (abbr. in botany : F.Allam.)
• Joel Asaph Allen (1838-1921), birds, mammals
• Prospero Alpini (1553-1617), Italian botanist
• José Alberto de Oliveira Anchieta (1832-1897), Portuguese naturalist
• Jakob Johan Adolf Appellöf (1857-1921), Swedish marine zoologist.
• Aristotle, (384 BC-322 BC), Greek philosopher
• Peter Artedi, (1705-1735), Swedish naturalist
• Jean Baptiste Audebert (1759-1800), French naturalist.
• Jean Victoire Audouin (1797-1841), French zoologist
• John James Audubon, (1786-1851), American ornithologist
• Richard Axel (born 1946), Nobel prize winning physiologist
• Joseph Ayers, marine neurophysiologist and biomimetic researcher
• Félix de Azara (1746 - 1811), Spanish naturalist

B

Ba-Bi

• Churchill Babington (1831-1881), British archaeologist and conchologist
• John Bachman (1790-1874), American naturalist
• Curt Backeberg (1894-1966), German botanist (abbr. in botany: Backeb.)
• Karl Ernst von Baer (1792-1876), embryology
• Liberty Hyde Bailey (1858-1954),American botanist (abbr. in botany : L.H.Bailey)
• Spencer Fullerton Baird, (1823-1887), birds and mammals
• John Hutton Balfour (1808-1884), Scottish botanist (abbr. in botany : Balf.)
• David Baltimore (born 1938), Nobel prize
• Joseph Banks, (1743-1820), biologist, botanist (abbr. in botany : Banks)
• Benjamin Smith Barton (1766-1815), American botanist (abbr. in botany : Barton)
• John Bartram, (1699-1777), American botanist (abbr. in botany : Bartram)
• William Bartram, (1739-1823), American naturalist (abbr. in botany : W.Bartram)
• Anton de Bary, (1831-1888), surgeon, botanist, microbiologist
• Henry Walter Bates (1825-1892), English naturalist
• Patrick Bateson, biologist, President of the ZSL
• Nicolas Baudin, (1754-1803), French botanist
• Gaspard Bauhin (1560-1624), Swiss boatanist introduced binomial nomenclature into taxonomy, which was used by Linnaeus(abbr. in botany : C.Bauhin)
• Johann Matthäus Bechstein (1757-1822), German naturalist (abbr. in botany : Bechst.)
• Rollo Beck (1870-1950), US ornithologist
• Charles Emerson Beecher (1856-1904), US invertebrate paleontologist
• Charles William Beebe, (1877-1962), biologist
• Thomas Bell (England) (1792-1880)English naturalist
• David Bellamy (born 1933), English botanist
• Edward Turner Bennett, (1797-1836), English zoologist
• George Bentham, (1800-1884), English botanist (abbr; in botany : Benth.)
• Wilson Teixeira Beraldo (1917-1998), Brazilian physician and physiologist, codiscoverer of bradykinin
• Robert Bentley (1821-1893), English botanist (abbr. in botany : Bentley)
• Claude Bernard (1813-1878), French physiologist and father of the concept of homeostasis
• Samuel Stillman Berry (1887-1984), U.S. marine zoologist
• Thomas Bewick (1753-1828), English ornithologist
• Colin Bibby (1948-2004), English ornithologist
• Gabriel Bibron (1806 - 1848), French zoologist
• Biswamoy Biswas (1923-1994), Indian ornithologist

Bl-Bu

• Liz Blackburn (born 1948), Australian/US researcher in the field of telomeres and the 'telomerase' enzyme.
• John Blackwall (1790-1881), British entomologist
• Henri Marie Ducrotay de Blainville (1777-1850), French zoologist
• Thomas Blakiston, (1832-1891), English naturalist
• William Thomas Blanford (1832-1905), English naturalist
• Pieter Bleeke (1819-1878), Dutch ichthyologist
• Günter Blobel (born 1936), German Nobel Prize-winning biologist who discovered that newly synthesized proteins contain "address tags" which direct them to the proper location within the cell.
• Carl Ludwig Blume (1789-1862), German-Dutch botanist (abbr. in botany : Blume)
• Johann Friedrich Blumenbach (1752-1840), German physiologist and anthropologist
• Edward Blyth, (1810-1873), English zoologist
• Pieter Boddaert, (1730-1795 or 1796), naturalist
• Charles Lucien Bonaparte, (1803-1857), French naturalist
• James Bond (ornithologist) (1900-1989), American ornithologist
• Franco Andrea Bonelli, (1784-1830), Italian ornithologist
• August Gustav Heinrich von Bongard (1786-1839), German botanist
• Charles Bonnet (1720-1793), Swiss naturalist
• Aimé Bonpland (1773-1858), French botanist (abbr. in botany : Bonpl.)
• Antonina Georgievna Borissova (1903-1970), Russian botanist
• Norman Borlaug (born 1914) is an American agricultural scientist, humanitarian, Nobel laureate, and the father of the Green Revolution.
• Louis Augustin Guillaume Bosc, (1759-1828), French zoologist
• George Albert Boulenger, (1858-1937), Belgian zoologist
• Jules Bourcier (1797-1873), French naturalist
• Johann Friedrich von Brandt, (1802-1879), German naturalist (abbr. in botany : Brandt)
• Christian Ludwig Brehm, (1787-1864), German ornithologist
• Alfred Brehm, (1829-1884), German zoologist
• Thomas Mayo Brewer (1814-1880), American naturalist
• William Brewster (ornithologist) (1851-1919), American ornithologist
• Mathurin Jacques Brisson (1723-1806), French zoologist.
• Nathaniel Lord Britton (1859-1934), US Botanist (abbr. in botany : Britton)
• Adolphe Theodore Brongniart (1801-1876), French botanist (abbr. in botany : Brongn.)
• James H. Brown, American ecologist.
• Robert Brown (botanist), (1773-1858), botanist (abbr. in botany : R.Br.)
• Morten Thrane Brunnich (1737-1827), Danish zoologist
• Francis Buchanan-Hamilton (1762-1829), Scottish zoologist and botanist
• Stephen L. Buchmann, co-author of Forgotten Pollinators
• Linda B. Buck, (born 1947), American physiologist, Nobel prize winner
• Samuel Botsford Buckley (1809-1884), American naturalist (abbr. in botany : Buckley)
• Buffon (1707-1788) French naturalist (abbr. in botany : Buffon)
• William Bullock (1773-1849), English naturalist
• Walter Buller (1838-1906), New Zealand naturalist
• James Bulwer (1794-1879), English naturalist and conchologist
• Alexander G. von Bunge (1803-1890), German-Russian zoologist
• Luther Burbank, (1849-1926), American horticulturalist
• Hermann Burmeister (1807-1892), German zoologist

C

• Jean Cabanis (1816-1906), German ornithologist
• Santiago Ramón y Cajal (1852-1934), Spanish histologist and Nobel laureate. Considered the father of neuroscience.
• George Caley (1770-1829), English botanist
• Rudolf Jakob Camerarius (1665-1721), German botanist
• Frederick Campion Steward (1904-1993), British botanist
• Augustin Pyrame de Candolle (1778-1841), Swiss botanist
• Elie-Abel Carrière (1818-1896), French botanist
• Clodoveo Carrión Mora (1883-1957), Ecuadorian paleontologist and naturalist
• Sean Carroll, American evolutionary development biologist
• Rachel Carson (1907-1964), biologist, author of Silent Spring
• George Washington Carver (1860-1943), American botanist
• John Cassin (1813-1869), American ornithologist
• Alexandre de Cassini (1781-1832), French botanist (abbr. in botany : Cass.)
• Mark Catesby (1683-1749), English naturalist
• Andrea Cesalpino (1519-1603), Italian botanist
• Francesco Cetti (1726-1778), Italian zoologist
• Carlos Chagas (1879-1934), Brazilian physician
• Adelbert von Chamisso (1781–1838), German botanist
• Min Chueh Chang (1908-1991), biologist
• Frank Michler Chapman (1864-1945), ornithologist
• Sergei Chetverikov (1880-1959), Russian population geneticist
• Carl Chun (1852-1914), German marine biologist
• Stanley Cohen(born 1922), American biologist who won the Nobel Prize Laureate in Physiology and Medicine (1986) for his discovery of growth factors.
• Henry Boardman Conover (1892-1950), American ornithologist
• Timothy Abbott Conrad (1803-1877), American malacologist
• James Graham Cooper (1830-1902), American naturalist
• William Cooper (1798-1864), American conchologist
• Edward Drinker Cope (1840-1897), fish, reptiles, paleontology
• Charles Coquerel (1822-1867), French navy surgeon and entomologist
• Charles B. Cory (1857-1921), American ornithologist
• Elliott Coues (1842-1899), American ornithologist
• Marjorie Courtenay-Latimer (1907-2004), South African zoologist
• Jacques Cousteau (1910-1997), French marine biologist and explorer
• Miguel Rolando Covian (1913-1992), Argentine-Brazilian neurophysiologist, father of Brazilian neurophysiology
• Philipp Jakob Cretzschmar (1786-1845), German zoologist
• Francis Crick (1916–2004), one of the discoverers of the structure of the DNA molecule and a neurobiologist
• Nicholas Culpeper (1616–1654), English botanist
• Allan Cunningham (botanist) (1791-1839), English botanist
• William Curtis (1746-1799), English botanist
• Georges Cuvier (1769-1832), French naturalist.

D

• Anders Dahl, (1751-1789), (namesake of the Dahlia)
• W.H. Dall (1845-1927), American naturalist and malacologist.
• Charles Darwin (1809-1882), British evolutionist
• Erasmus Darwin (1731-1802), doctor, naturalist, grandfather of Charles
• Armand David (1826-1900), French zoologist and botanist
• Richard Dawkins (born 1941), British evolutionary biologist
• Anton de Bary (1831-1888), German botanist and mycologist
• Pierre Antoine Delalande (1787-1823), French naturalist
• Max Delbrück, (1906–1981), German physicist and biologist known for work on the replication mechanicsm of viruses
• Richard Dell (1920-2002), New Zealand malacologist
• Stefano Delle Chiaje (1794 - 1860), Italian zoologist
• Paul Émile de Puydt (1810-1888), Belgian botanist
• Jean Louis Armand de Quatrefages de Bréau (1810-1892), French naturalist
• René Louiche Desfontaines (1750-1833), French botanist
• Anselme Gaëtan Desmarest (1784-1838), French zoologist
• Ernst Dieffenbach (1811-1855), German naturalist
• Johann Jacob Dillenius (1684-1747), German botanist
• Theodosius Dobzhansky (1900-1975), biologist
• Rembert Dodoens (1517-1585), Flemish botanist
• David Don (1799-1841), British botanist
• James Donn (1758–1813) English botanist
• Anton Dohrn (1840-1909), German marine biologist
• Alcide d'Orbigny (1802-1857), French naturalist
• Jean Dorst (1924-2001), French ornithologist
• Henry Doubleday (1808-1875), British entomologist
• David Douglas (1799-1834), Scottish botanist
• Jonas C. Dryander (1748-1810), Swedish botanist
• Renato Dulbecco (born 1914), biologist
• André Marie Constant Duméril (1774 - 1860), French zoologist
• Michel Felix Dunal (1789-1856), French botanist
• Robin Dunbar (born 1947), Italian virologist
• Gerald Durrell (1925-1995), British naturalist
• Leonardo Da Vinci (1452-1519, known as an artist but also an anatomist. Dissected hundreds of specimens and drew exact copies of them.

E

• Sylvia Earle (1935), American oceanographer
• Gerald Edelman, (born 1929) Nobel Prize for immunology work, later work in neuroscience
• George Edwards (1693-1773), British naturalist
• Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg, (1795-1876), German biologist and microscopist
• Paul Ehrlich, (1854-1915), German Nobel Prize-winning immunologist
• Theodor Eimer (1843-1898), German zoologist
• Daniel Giraud Elliot, (1835-1915), American zoologist
• Stephan Ladislaus Endlicher (1804-1849), Austrian botanist
• George Engelmann (1809-1884), German-American botanist
• Johann Christian Polycarp Erxleben (1744-1777), German naturalist.
• Johann Friedrich von Eschscholtz (1793-1831), Baltic German biologist and explorer, namesake of the California poppy
• Constantin von Ettingshausen (1826-1897), Austrian botanist
• Warren Ewens, American mathematical population geneticist
• Thomas Campbell Eyton, (1809-1880), English naturalist

F

• Jean Henri Fabre, (1823-1915), French entomologist
• Johan Christian Fabricius, (1745-1808), Danish entomologist
• David Fairchild (1869-1954), American botanist
• Hugh Falconer, (1808-1865), Scottish paleontologist
• Leonardo Fea, (1852-1903), Italian zoologist
• Christoph Feldegg (1780-1845), Austrian naturalist
• Howard Barraclough Fell (1917-1994), English zoologist
• Sérgio Ferreira, Brazilian pharmacologist
• Otto Finsch (1839-1917), German naturalist
• Johann Fischer von Waldheim (1771-1853), German entomologist
• James Fisher, (1922-1970), English ornithologist
• Ronald Fisher, (1890-1962), British biologist and statistician, one of the founders of population genetics
• Jim Flegg, British ornithologist
• Alexander Fleming, (1881-1955), British medical scientist
• Thomas Bainbrigge Fletcher (1878-1950) English entomologist
• Howard Walter Florey (1898-1968), a pharmacologist who was the co-inventor of penicillin
• E.B. Ford (1901-1988) British ecological geneticist
• Peter Forsskål (1732-1763), Swedish naturalist
• Georg Forster (1754-1794), German naturalist
• Johann Reinhold Forster (1729-1798), German naturalist
• Robert Fortune (1813-1880), Scottish botanist
• Dian Fossey, (1932-1985), zoologist
• Rosalind Franklin, (1920-1958), contributor to the discovery of the structure of DNA
• Elias Magnus Fries, (1794-1878), one of the founders of modern mushroom taxonomy
• Karl von Frisch, (1886-1982), Austrian ethologist and Nobel laureate, best known for pioneering studies of bees
• Imre Frivaldszky (1799-1870), Hungarian botanist
• Leonhart Fuchs (1501–1566), German botanist
• Louis Agassiz Fuertes, (1874-1927), American ornithologist

G

• Joseph Gaertner (1732-1791), German botanist
• François Gagnepain (1866-1952), French botanist
• Joseph Paul Gaimard (1796-1858), French naturalist
• William Gambel (1823-1849), American naturalist
• Prosper Garnot (1794-1838), French naturalist
• Charles Gaudichaud-Beaupré (1789-1854), French botanist
• Michael Gazzaniga, American cognitive neuroscientist, best known for his research on split-brain patients
• Howard Scott Gentry (1903-1993), American botanist
• John Gerard (1545–1611/12), English botanist
• Conrad von Gesner (1516-1565), Swiss naturalist
• Luca Ghini (1490-1566), Italian botanist
• John H. Gillespie, American molecular evolutionist and population geneticist
• Charles Frédéric Girard (1822-1895), French biologist, ichthyologist, herpetologist
• Johann Friedrich Gmelin (1748-1804), German naturalist (bot. abbr.: J.F.Gmel.)
• Johann Georg Gmelin (1709-1755), German naturalist (bot. abbr.: J.G.Gmel.)
• Samuel Gottlieb Gmelin (1744-1774), German botanist (bot. abbr. : S.G.Gmel.)
• Frederick DuCane Godman (1834-1919), English naturalist and ornithologist
• Émil Goeldi (1859-1917), Swiss-Brazilian naturalist and zoologist
• Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749-1832), known for his literary works but also a scientist. In biology: his theory of plant metamorphosis stipulated that all plant formation stems from a modification of the Leaf.
• Camillo Golgi (1843-1926), Italian physician and Nobel prize winner, pioneer in neurobiology
• Jane Goodall (born 1934), British primatologist, ethologist and anthropologist, best-known for conducting a forty-year study of chimpanzee social and family life.
• George Gordon (1806-1879), British botanist
• Philip Henry Gosse (1810-1888), English naturalist
• John Gould (1804-1881), English ornithologist
• Stephen Jay Gould (1941-2002), US paleontologist
• Alfred Grandidier (1836-1921), French naturalist and explorer
• Pierre-Paul Grassé (1895-1985), French zoologist
• Asa Gray (1810-1888), US botanist
• George Robert Gray (1808-1872), English zoologist
• J.E. Gray (1800-1875), British zoologist
• Andrew Jackson Grayson (1819-1869), American ornithologist
• Edward Grey, 1st Viscount Grey of Fallodon (1862-1933), British ornithologist
• Jan Frederik Gronovius (1690-1762), Dutch botanist
• Pavel Groselj, (1883-1940), biologist and belletrist
• Félix Édouard Guérin-Méneville (1799-1874), French entomologist
• Johann Anton Güldenstädt (1745-1781), German naturalist
• Johann Ernst Gunnerus (1718-1773), Norwegian botanist
• Albert C. L. G. Günther (1830-1914), British/German zoologist
• Guranda Gvaladze (born 1932), Georgian botanist

H

• Ernst Haeckel (1834-1919), German physician
• Hermann August Hagen (1817-1893), German entomologist
• J. B. S. Haldane (1892-1964), biologist
• William Donald Hamilton (1936-2000), British biologist
• Thomas Hardwicke (1755-1835), English naturalist
• Richard Harlan (1796-1843), American naturalist, zoologist, physicist and paleontologist
• Ernst Hartert (1859-1933), German ornithologist
• Gustav Hartlaub (1814-1900), German zoologist
• Karl Theodor Hartweg (1812-1871), German botanist
• Hans Hass (born 1919), Austrian biologist
• Frederik Hasselquist (1722-1752), Swedish naturalist
• Arthur Hay, 9th Marquess of Tweeddale (1824-1878), English ornithologist
• Oskar Heinroth (1871-1945), German biologist, founder of ethology
• Wilhelm Hemprich (1796-1825), German naturalist
• Willi Hennig (1913-1976) German biologist, founder of cladistics
• John Stevens Henslow (1796-1861), English botanist
• Brian Houghton Hodgson (1800-1894), English naturalist
• Bruno Hofer (1861-1916), German fisheries scientist
• Johann Centurius Hoffmannsegg (1766-1849) German botanist, entomologist and ornithologist
• Jacques Bernard Hombron (1798-1852), French naturalist
• Leroy Hood (born 1939), M.D., Ph.D. American biochemist, developed high speed automated DNA sequencer.
• Robert Hooke (1635-1703), British scholar
• Joseph Dalton Hooker (1817-1911), British botanist
• William Jackson Hooker (1785-1865), British botanist
• Thomas Horsfield (1773-1859), American naturalist
• Albert Howard (1873-1947), British botanist
• Eliot Howard (1873-1940), English ornithologist
• Sarah Blaffer Hrdy (born 1946), U.S. anthropologist who made contributions to evolutionary psychology and sociobiology.
• François Huber (1750-1831), Swiss naturalist
• William Henry Hudson (1841-1922), Argentinian-British ornithologist
• Alexander von Humboldt, (1769-1859), German naturalist
• Allan Octavian Hume (1829-1912), British ornithologist
• Rob Hume, British ornithologist
• George Evelyn Hutchinson (1903-1991), American ecologist and limnologist
• Thomas Henry Huxley (1825-1895), British scientist and early advocate of natural selection
• Alpheus Hyatt (1838-1902), US neo-Lamarckian
• Libbie Hyman (1888-1969), zoologist
• Josef Hyrtl (1810-1894), Austrian anatomist

I

• Hermann von Ihering, (1850-1930), German naturalist
• Johann Karl Wilhelm Illiger, (1775-1813), German entomologist
• Jan Ingenhousz (1730-1799), Dutch-born British botanist.
• Tom Iredale, (1880-1972), English conchologist and ornithologist
• Paul Erdmann Isert, (1756-1789), German botanist

J

• François Jacob, (born 1920), French biologist, Nobel Prize
• Nikolaus Joseph von Jacquin (1727-1817), Austrian botanist
• William Jardine (naturalist) (1800-1874), Scottish naturalist
• Feliks Pawel Jarocki (1790-1865), Polish zoologist
• Daniel H. Janzen (born 1939), American entomologist and ecologist
• Thomas C. Jerdon (1811-1872), British zoologist and botanist
• Wilhelm Johannsen, (1857-1927), (coined the term gene)
• David Starr Jordan (1851-1931), ichthyologist, 1st president of Stanford
• Adrien-Henri de Jussieu, (1797-1853), French botanist
• Antoine de Jussieu, (1686-1758), French naturalist
• Antoine Laurent de Jussieu, (1748-1836), botanist, biologist (botanical abbr.: Juss.)
• Bernard de Jussieu, (1699-1777), French naturalist
• Ernest Everett Just (1883-1941), American biologist

K

• Zbigniew Kabata (born 1924), Polish parasitologist
• Pehr Kalm, (1716-1779), Swedish botanist
• Motoderu Kamo, cultivated kimjongilia
• Eric R. Kandel, (born 1929), Nobel Prize winning neuroscientist, specializing in the neural correlates of learning and memory
• Gustav Karl Wilhelm Hermann Karsten (1817-1908), German botanist
• Stuart Kauffman (born 1939), biologist widely known for his promotion of self-organization as a factor in producing the complexity of biological systems and organisms
• Johann Jakob Kaup, (1803-1873), German naturalist
• Janet Kear (1933-2004), English ornithologist
• Robert Kerr (writer) (1755-1813), published The Animal Kingdom in 1792
• Warwick Estevam Kerr (1922-), Brazilian geneticist, specialist in bee genetics, introducer of African bees in Brazil
• Motoo Kimura (1924-1994), Japanese mathematical biologist, working in the field of theoretical population genetics
• Norman Boyd Kinnear (1882-1957), Scottish zoologist
• William Kirby, (1759-1850), English entomologist
• Heinrich von Kittlitz (1799-1874), German naturalist
• Karl Koch (botanist), (1809-1879), German botanist
• Robert Koch, (1843-1910), German Nobel Prize-winning physician and bacteriologist
• Fritz Köberle (1910-1983), Austrian-Brazilian physician and pathologist, student of Chagas disease
• Alexander Koenig (1858-1940), German naturalist
• Albert von Kolliker (1817-1905), Swiss physiologist
• Charles Konig (1774-1851), German naturalist
• Arthur Kornberg, (born 1918), discovered DNA polymerase
• Hans Adolf Krebs, (1900-1981) German Biochemist and Nobel laureate
• Gerard Krefft (1830-1881), German-born Australian zoologist and palaeontologist
• Moacyr Krieger (1930-), Brazilian physician and physiologist
• Heinrich Kuhl (1797-1821), German zoologist

L

• Henri Laborit (1914-1995), French surgeon and physiologist
• Bernard Germain Étienne de la Ville, Comte de Lacépède, (1756-1825), French naturalist
• David Lack (1910-1973), British ornithologist
• Frédéric de Lafresnaye (1783-1861), French ornithologist
• Jean-Baptiste Lamarck (1744-1829), French evolutionist, coined many terms like biology and fossils
• Aylmer Bourke Lambert (1761-1842), British botanist
• Hugh Lamprey, (1928-1996), British ecologist
• John Latham (1740-1837), English naturalist
• Pierre André Latreille (1762-1833), French entomologist
• George Newbold Lawrence (1806-1855), American ornithologist
• William Elford Leach (1790-1836) English zoologist and marine biologist
• Louis Leakey (1903-1972), British archaeologist
• Joseph Le Conte, (1823-1901), physiologist
• Antoni van Leeuwenhoek (1632-1723), developer of the microscope
• François Leguat (1637 - 1735), French naturalist
• Joseph Leidy (1823-1891), US paleontologist
• Johann Philipp Achilles Leisler (1771-1813), Dutch naturalist
• Juan Lembeye (1816-1889), Spanish naturalist
• Jean Baptiste Leschenault de la Tour (1773-1826), French botanist
• Rene Primevere Lesson (1794-1849), French naturalist
• Charles Alexandre Lesueur (1778-1846), French naturalist
• François Le Vaillant (1753-1824), french ornithologist
• Richard Lewontin (born 1929), biologist
• Emmanuel Liais (1826-1900), French botanist
• Martin Lichtenstein (1780-1867), German zoologist
• Aristid Lindenmayer (1925-1989), Hungarian biologist
• John Lindley (1799-1865) English botanist
• Heinrich Friedrich Link (1767-1850), German botanist (abbr. in botany : Link)
• Carolus Linnaeus (1707-1778), father of taxonomy
• Jacques Loeb (1859-1924), German-American biologist
• Friedrich Loeffler (1852-1915), German biologist
• Konrad Lorenz (1903-1989), Austrian founder of ethology
• Harri Lorenzi Brazilian botanist
• John Claudius Loudon (1783-1843), English botanist
• James Lovelock (born 1919), English chemist and father of the gaia hypothesis
• Anatole Stephan Loukashkin, (1902-1988), biologist
• Percy Lowe (1870-1948), English ornithologist
• Peter Wilhelm Lund (1801 - 1880), Danish zoologist and paleontologist
• Salvador Luria, microbiologist, Nobel prize winner
• Adolfo Lutz (1855-1940), Brazilian infectologist, pathologist and public health researcher
• Richard Lydekker (1849-1915), English naturalist
• Trofim Lysenko (1898-1976), Soviet biologist and agronomist

M

Ma-Mi

• John Macadam (1827-1865), Scottish-born Australian botanist
• William MacGillivray (1796-1852), Scottish naturalist
• Marcello Malpighi (1628-1694), Italian anatomist and biologist
• Lynn Margulis (born 1938), American microbiologist
• Alberto della Marmora (1789-1863), Italian naturalist
• Othniel Charles Marsh, (1831-1899), paleontology
• Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius (1794-1868), German botanist
• John Martyn (botanist) (1699-1768), English botanist
• Francis Masson (1741-1805?), Scottish botanist
• Gregory Mathews (1876-1949), Australian ornithologist
• Paul Matschie (1861-1926), German zoologist
• William Diller Matthew (1871-1930), American paleontologist
• Polly Matzinger, American Immunologist
• Carl Maximowicz (1827-1891), Russian botanist
• Harold Maxwell-Lefroy (1877-1925), English entomologist
• Ernst Mayr (1904-2005) evolutionary biologist
• Barbara McClintock, (1902-1992), American biologist
• James V. McConnell, (1925-1990), American biological psychologist
• Edmund Meade-Waldo (1855-1934), English ornithologist
• Johann Wilhelm Meigen (1764-1845), German entomologist
• Gregor Mendel (1822-1884), Czech-Austrian monk who is often called the "father of genetics" for his study of the inheritance of traits in pea plants
• Edouard Menetries (1802-1861), French entomologist
• Maud Leonora Menten, biologist
• Archibald Menzies (1754-1852), Scottish naturalist
• Clinton Hart Merriam (1855-1942), American zoologist and ornithologist
• John C. Merriam, (1869-1945), American biologist
• Franz Meyen (1804-1840), German botanist
• Rodolphe Meyer de Schauensee (1901-1984), American ornithologist
• August Karl Arnold Michaelis (1847-1916), German chemist
• Leonor Michaelis, (1875-1949), German biologist
• André Michaux (1746-1802), French botanist
• Aleksandr Fyodorovich Middendorf (1815-1894), Russian zoologist
• Nicholai Miklukho-Maklai (1846-1888), Russian marine biologist and anthropologist
• Gerrit Smith Miller, Jr. (1869-1956), American zoologist.
• Jacques Miller (1931-), Australian immunologist.
• John Frederick Miller (1759-1796), English illustrator (primarily of botany)
• Philip Miller (1691-1771), Scottish botanist (abbr. in botany : Mill.)
• Alphonse Milne-Edwards (1835-1900), French zoologist
• Henri Milne-Edwards (1800-1885), French zoologist
• George Jackson Mivart (1827-1900), English biologist

Mo-Mu

• Hugo von Mohl (1805-1872), German botanist
• Paul Möhring (1710-1792) German naturalist
• Juan Ignacio Molina (1740-1829), Chilean naturalist
• Jacques Monod, (1910-1976) geneticist
• George Montagu (1753-1815), English naturalist
• Luc Montagnier (born 1932), French discoverer of HIV
• Rita Levi-Montalcini (born 1909), Italian-American neurologist who received the 1986 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for her co-discovery of growth factors.
• George Thomas Moore (1871-1956) US botanist
• Alfred Moquin-Tandon (1804-1863), French naturalist
• Thomas Hunt Morgan (1868-1945), American geneticist. He worked on the natural history, zoology, and macromutation in the fruit fly Drosophila.
• Desmond Morris (born 1928), British zoologist
• Roger Morse, professor, researcher, author, on bees/beekeeping
• Desmond Morris, (born 1928), British biologist
• Guy Mountfort (1905-2003), English ornithologist
• Ferdinand von Mueller (1825-1896), German-Australian botanist
• John Muir (1838-1914), US naturalist
• Otto Friedrich Müller (1730-1784), Danish naturalist (abbr. in botany : O.F.Müll.)
• Fritz Müller (1821-1897), German-Brazilian naturalist (abbr. in botany : F.J.Müll.)
• Philipp Ludwig Statius Muller (1725-1776), German zoologist
• Salomon Muller (1804-1864), Dutch naturalist
• Kary Mullis, (born 1944), biologist
• John Murray (1841-1914) Scots-Canadian Marine Biologist
• Otto von Münchhausen (1716-1774), German botanist

N

• Gary Paul Nabhan, (born 1952), co-author of Forgotten Pollinators
• Karl Wilhelm von Nageli (1817-1891), Swiss botanist
• Johann Friedrich Naumann (1780-1857), German founder of scientific ornithology
• John Needham, (1713-1781), English naturalist
• Christian Gottfried Daniel Nees von Esenbeck, (1776-1858), German botanist and zoologist
• Charles F. Newcombe (1851-1924), British botanist
• Alfred Newton (1829-1907), English zoologist
• Margaret Morse Nice (1883-1974), American ornithologist
• Henry Alleyne Nicholson (1844-1899), British zoologist
• Alfred John North (1855-1917), Australian ornithologist
• Thomas Nuttall (1786-1858), English botanist and zoologist

O

• Eugene P. Odum (1913-2002), American ecologist
• Howard T. Odum(1924-2002), American ecologist
• William Ogilby (1808-1873), Irish naturalist
• William Robert Ogilvie-Grant (1863-1924), Scottish ornithologist
• Tomoko Ohta, Japanese molecular evolutionary biologist
• Lorenz Oken (1779-1851), German naturalist
• Giuseppe Olivi (1769 - 1795), Italian naturalist
• Aleksandr Oparin (1894-1980), Russian biologist and biochemist
• George Ord (1781-1866), American ornithologist
• Eleanor Anne Ormerod, (1828-1901), English entomologist
• Henry Fairfield Osborn (1857-1935), eugenicist, AMNH curator
• Emile Oustalet (1844-1905), French zoologist
• Richard Owen, (1804-1892), biologist

P

• George Emil Palade (born 1912), Romanian-American biologist, discoverer of ribosomes, Nobel Prize
• Peter Simon Pallas (1741-1811), Russian zoologist
• Edward Palmer (botanist) (1829-1911), British botanist
• Josif Pancic (1814-1888), Serbian botanist
• Paracelsus, (1493-1541), German alchemist
• William Paterson (governor) (1755-1810), British botanist and explorer
• Robert Patterson (Belfast) (1802-1872) Irish naturalist
• Daniel Pauly, biologist
• Ivan Pavlov (1849-1936), Russian physiologist, psychologist and physician, discovered Conditioning, won the Nobel Prize for his research on the digestive system
• Louis Pasteur, (1822-1895), French biochemist
• Titian Peale (1799-1885), American naturalist
• Donald C. Peattie (1898-1964), US botanist
• Jean-Marie Pelt (born 1933), French botanist
• Henri Perrier de la Bâthie (1873-1958), French botanist
• Christian Hendrik Persoon, (1761-1836), biologist
• Paul Petard (botanist) (1912-1980), French botanist
• Wilhelm Peters (1815-1883), German naturalist
• Octavius Pickard-Cambridge (1828-1917), English entomologist
• Charles Pickering (naturalist), (1805-1878), American naturalist
• Gregory Goodwin Pincus (1903-1967), American biologist and co-inventor of the contraceptive pill
• Rodolfo Amando Philippi (1808-1904), German-Chilean zoologist
• Constantine John Phipps (1744-1792), English explorer
• Charles Pickering (naturalist) (1805-1878), American naturalist
• Reginald Innes Pocock (1863-1947), British taxonomist (mammals and arachnids)
• Felipe Poey (1799-1891), Cuban zoologist
• Joel Roberts Poinsett (1779-1851), US botanist
• Thomas Littleton Powys, 4th Baron Lilford, (1833-1896), English ornithologist
• Karel Presl (1794-1852), Bohemian botanist
• Nikolai Przhevalsky (1839-1888), Russian explorer
• Alice Pruvot-Fol (1873-1972), French malacologist
• Frederick Traugott Pursh (1774-1820), German-American botanist
• Paul Émile de Puydt '(1810-1888) Belgian botanist
• Andrew paulukiewichz (1958- ) Modern Polish biologist

Q

• Jean René Constant Quoy (1790-1869), French zoologist

R

• Gustav Radde (1831-1903), German naturalist
• Thomas Stamford Raffles (1781-1826), British founder/first president of the Zoological Society of London
• Constantine Samuel Rafinesque-Schmaltz, (1783-1840), French zoologist who described many North American species
• Edward Pierson Ramsay (1842-1916), Australian ornithologist
• Austin L. Rand (1905-1982), Canadian zoologist
• John Ray (1627-1705), English naturalist
• Francesco Redi (1626-1697), Italian physician known for his experiment in 1668 which is regarded as a one of the first steps in refuting abiogenesis.
• Heinrich Gustav Reichenbach, (1823-1889), German orchidologist (abbr. in botany : Rchb. f.)
• Ludwig Reichenbach (1793-1879), German botanist and ornithologist (abbr. in botany : Rchb.)
• Anton Reichenow (1847-1941), German ornithologist
• Bernhard Rensch (1900–1990), German biologist
• Louis Claude Richard (1754-1821), French botanist (abbr. in botany : Rich.)
• John Richardson (naturalist) (1787-1865), Scottish naturalist (abbr. in botany : Richardson)
• Charles Wallace Richmond (1868-1932), American ornithologist
• Robert Ridgway (1850-1929), American ornithologist
• Henry Nicholas Ridley (1855-1956), British botanist (abbr. in botany : Ridl.)
• Maurício Rocha e Silva (1910-1983), Brazilian physician and pharmacologist, codiscoverer of bradykinin
• Martin Rodbell (1925-1998), biologist
• Austin Roberts (1883-1948), South African zoologist
• Harold E. Robinson (born 1932), American botanist and entomologist
• Alfred Romer (1894-1973), specialist in vertebrate paleontology
• Robert Rosen (1934-1998), theoretical biologist
• Harald Rosenthal (1937) German hydrobiologist known for his work in fish farming and ecology
• Miriam Rothschild (1908-2005), British entomologist
• Walter Rothschild, 2nd Baron Rothschild (1868-1937), British zoologist
• William Roxburgh (1759-1815), Scottish botanist
• Karl Rudolphi (1771-1832), German physiologist
• Eduard Rüppell (1794-1884), German naturalist

S

Sa-So

• Joseph Sabine (1770-1837), English naturalist
• Julius von Sachs (1832-1897), German botanist
• Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire (1772-1844), French naturalist
• Isidore Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire (1805-1861), French zoologist
• Edward James Salisbury (1886-1978), British botanist
• Richard Anthony Salisbury (1761-1829), British botanist
• Georg Sars (1837-1927) Norwegian marine biologist
• Michael Sars (1809-1869) Norwegian taxonomist
• William Saunders (1822-1900), American botanist
• Horace-Bénédict de Saussure (1740-1799), Swiss naturalist
• Marie Jules César Savigny (1777-1851), French zoologist
• Thomas Say (1787-1843), American naturalist
• Charles Schuchert (1858-1942), paleontology
• Theodor Schwann, (1810-1882), German physiologist
• Friedrich Schlechter (1872-1925), German botanist
• Hermann Schlegel (1804-1884) German ornithologist
• Matthias Jakob Schleiden, (1804-1881), German co-founder of the cell theory
• George Schoener (1864-1941), German-American botanist
• Johann David Schoepf (1752-1800), German botanist and zoologist
• Heinrich Wilhelm Schott (1794-1865), German botanist
• Johann Christian Daniel von Schreber (1739-1810), German naturalist
• Leopold von Schrenck (1826-1894), Russo-German zoologist
• Georg August Schweinfurth (1836-1925), German botanist
• Philip Sclater, (1829-1913), English zoologist
• Giovanni Antonio Scopoli, (1723-1788), Italian-Austrian naturalist
• Henry Seebohm (1832-1895), English ornithologist
• Prideaux John Selby (1788-1867), English botanist and ornithologist
• Nikolai Alekseevich Severtzov (1827-1885), Russian naturalist
• Richard Bowdler Sharpe (1847-1909), English zoologist
• George Shaw, (1751-1813), English botanist and zoologist
• Rupert Sheldrake, (born 1942), biologist
• George Ernest Shelley (1840-1910), English ornithologist
• Philipp Franz von Siebold (1796-1866), German botanist
• George Gaylord Simpson (1902-1984), American paleontologist
• Rolf Singer, (1906-1994), German born mycologist
• John Kunkel Small, (1869-1938) , American botanist (abbr. in botany : Small)
• Andrew Smith (zoologist) (1797-1872), Scottish zoologist
• Frederick Smith (1805 - 1879), British entomologist
• James Edward Smith (1759-1828), English botanist (abbr. in bot. : Sm.)
• Johannes Jacobus Smith (1867-1947), Dutch botanist (abbr. in botany : J.J.Sm.)
• John Maynard Smith, (1920-2004) biologist
• Daniel Solander, (1733-1782), Swedish botanist

Sp-Sy

• Douglas Spalding (c1840-1877), English biologist, discovered imprinting and conducted some of the earliest research on animal behavior
• Lazzaro Spallanzani (1729-1799), Italian biologist
• Anders Sparrman (1748-1820), Swedish naturalist
• Walter Baldwin Spencer (1860-1929), English biologist and anthropologist
• Roger W. Sperry (1913-1994), American biologist
• Maximilian Spinola (1780-1857) - entomologist
• Johann Baptist von Spix (1781-1826), German naturalist
• Herman Spoering (1733-1771), Finnish botanist
• Kurt Sprengel (1766-1833), German botanist
• Richard Spruce (1817-1893), English botanist
• Agustin Stahl (1842-1917), Puerto Rican zoologist and botanist
• Edward Stanley, 13th Earl of Derby (1775-1851), English naturalist
• Japetus Steenstrup (1813-1897), Danish zoologist
• Leonhard Hess Stejneger (1851-1943), Norwegian zoologist
• Georg Wilhelm Steller (1709-1746), Russian ornithologist
• James Francis Stephens (1792-1853), English zoologist
• Kaspar Maria von Sternberg (1761-1838), Bohemian botanist
• Karl Stetter (born 1941), German microbiologist
• Nettie Maria Stevens (1861-1912), American biologist
• Gottlieb Conrad Christian Storr (1749-1821), German naturalist
• Eduard Strasburger (1844-1912), German botanist (abbr. in botany : Strasb.)
• Erwin Stresemann (1889-1972), German ornithologist
• John Struthers (1823-1899) Scottish anatomist
• Carl Jakob Sundevall (1801-1875), Swedish zoologist
• William Swainson (1789-1855), English ornithologist
• Jan Swammerdam (1637-1680), entomologist, microscopist
• Robert Swinhoe (1836-1877), English naturalist
• Colonel W. H. Sykes (1790-1872), English ornithologist

T

• Wladyslaw Taczanowski (1819- 1890), Polish zoologist
• Armen Takhtajan (born 1910), Russian botanist
• Coenraad Jacob Temminck (1778-1858), Dutch zoologist
• Peter Gustaf Tengmalm (1754-1803), Swedish naturalist
• Theophrastus (372 BC-287 BC), biologist and the successor of Aristotle in the Peripatetic school, a great popularizer of science
• Johannes Thiele (1860-1935), German zoologist and malacologist
• Michael Rogers Oldfield Thomas (1858-1929), British zoologist
• William Thompson Irish ornithologist and naturalist
• Carl Peter Thunberg (1743-1828), Swedish naturalist
• Samuel Tickell (1811-1875), British ornithologist
• Niko Tinbergen (1907-1988), Dutch ethologist
• Agostino Todaro (1818-1892), Italian botanist
• John Torrey (1796-1873), US botanist, first professional in New World
• Joseph Pitton de Tournefort (1656-1708), French botanist
• John Kirk Townsend (1809-1851), American ornithologist
• Thomas Stewart Traill (1781-1862), Scottish doctor and naturalist
• Abraham Trembley (1710-1784), Swiss naturalist
• Henry Baker Tristram (1822-1906), English ornithologist
• Robert Trivers (born 1943), evolutionary biologist
• Édouard Louis Trouessart (1842-1927), French naturalist
• Frederick W. True (1858-1914), US naturalist
• Bernard Tucker (1901-1950), English ornithologist
• Edward Tuckerman (1817-1886), US botanist
• Marmaduke Tunstall (1743-1790) English ornithologist
• Ruth Turner (1915-2000), marine biologist

V

• Martin Vahl (1749-1804), Norwegian botanist
• Sebastien Vaillant (1669-1722), French botanist
• Achille Valenciennes, (1794-1865), French zoologist
• Francisco Varela, (1946-2001) Chilean biologist
• Nikolai Vavilov (1887-1943), Soviet botanist and geneticist, died in prison as a defender of "bourgeois pseudoscience" genetics against Lysenkoism
• Craig Venter (born 1946), American biologist and businessman
• Edouard Verreaux (1810-1868), French naturalist
• Jules Verreaux (1807-1873) French botanist and ornithologist
• Louis Jean Pierre Vieillot (1748-1831), French ornithologist
• Nicholas Aylward Vigors (1785-1840), Irish zoologist
• Rudolf Virchow, (1821-1902), German biologist and pathologist, founder of cell theory
• Vital Brazil (1865-1950), Brazilian physician and immunobiologist, discoverer of several antivenoms againt snake, scorpion and spider bites
• Karel Voous (1920-2002), Dutch ornithologist
• D M Vasudevan (1942-), Indian physician, immunologist and educationist

W

• Johann Georg Wagler (1800-1832), German herpetologist
• Warren H. Wagner (1920-2000), US botanist
• Göran Wahlenberg (1780-1851), Swedish naturalist
• Barry Wakeman (1939-2004), American naturalist
• Charles Athanase Walckenaer (1771 - 1852), French entomologist
• Nathaniel Wallich (1786-1854), Danish botanist
• Benjamin Dann Walsh (1808 - 1869), American entomologist
• Deepal Warakagoda (born 1965), Sri Lankan ornithologist
• Charles Waterton, (1782-1865), English naturalist
• James D. Watson, (born 1928), Nobel Prize-winning biologist, co-discoverer of the structure of the DNA molecule
• Alfred Russel Wallace, (1823-1913), British naturalist and biologist
• Philip Barker Webb (1793-1854), English botanist (abbr. in botany : Webb)
• August Weismann, (1834-1914), German biologist
• Friedrich Welwitsch (1806-1872), Austrian botanist
• Alexander Wetmore (1886-1978), American ornithologist
• Gilbert White (1720-1795), English naturalist
• John White (c1756-1832) English botanist
• Prince Alexander Philipp Maximilian zu Wied-Neuwied (1782-1867), German explorer & biologist.
• Charles Wilkes (1798-1877), American explorer and naturalist
• Carl Ludwig Willdenow (1765-1812), German botanist and pharmacist (abbr. in botany : Willd.)
• George C. Williams (born 1926), American evolutionary biologist, credited with introducing the Gene-centered view of evolution, which sparked the Williams Revolution
• Francis Willughby (1635-1672), English ornithologist & ichthyologist
• Alexander Wilson, (1766-1813), Scottish-American ornithologist
• E. A. Wilson (1872-1912), English naturalist
• Edward O. Wilson, American myrmecologist and father of sociobiology
• Caspar Wistar, (1761-1818), American anatomist and physician. The genus Wisteria is named after him
• Henry Witherby (1873-1943), British ornithologist
• William Withering (1741-1799), English botanist
• Carl Woese, American microbiologist
• Sewall Wright, (1889-1988), biologist
• Charles Wyville Thompson, (1832-1882) Scottish marine biologist

X

• John Xantus de Vesey (1825-1894), American zoologist

Y

• William Yarrell, (1784-1856), English naturalist

Z

• Floyd Zaiger, (born 1926), fruit genetics
• Eberhard August Wilhelm von Zimmermann, (1743 - 1815), German zoologist
• Karl Alfred von Zittel (1839-1904), German palaeontologist
• Joseph Gerhard Zuccarini (1797-1848), German botanist