List of active autonomist and secessionist movements
From Freepedia
(Redirected from List of stateless ethnic groups)
This is a list of currently active, autonomist and secessionist movements around the world.
Entries on this list meet two criteria; they are active movements with living, active members, and they are seeking greater autonomy or freedom for a geographical region (as opposed to personal autonomy).
For defunct movements, please see: List of historical autonomist and secessionist movements
This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.
Africa
Algeria
- Kabyles
- Proposed state: Kabylia
- Political: Mouvement pour l'Autonomie de la Kabylie
Angola
- Cabinda
- Government-in-exile: Frente para a Libertação do Enclave de Cabinda (FLEC)
- Political: Frente para a Libertação do Enclave de Cabinda (FLEC)
- Violent: Forças Armadas de Cabinda (FAC)
- Proposed state: Federal Republic of Cabinda
Benin
Cameroon
- Bakassi Peninsula
- Southern Cameroons
- Proposed state: Federal Republic of Southern Cameroon, Ambazonia
- Political: Southern Cameroon National Council
Chad
- Southern Chad
- Violent: Forces Armées Tchadiennes
- Proposed state: Logone Republic
Comoros
- Anjouan
- Moheli
- Proposed state: Democratic Republic of Mwali
Congo-Kinshasa
- Bas-Congo
- Proposed state: Bundu dia Kongo (Kingdom of Kongo)
- South Kasai
- Proposed state: Mining State
- Katanga
- Kwili, Kivu
- Proposed state: Republic of Bukavu
Côte d'Ivoire
- Northern Regions
Equatorial Guinea
Ethiopia
- Gambela
- Violent: Gambella People Liberation Movement
- Ogaden
- Oromia
- Tigray
- Violent: Tigray People's Liberation Front
- Western Somalia
France (Africa)
Maldives
- Suvadives
- Proposed state: United Suvadivian Republic
Mauritius
Morocco
- Western Sahara
- De facto state: Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
- Political: Polisario Front
Namibia
- Caprivi Strip
- Political: Caprivi African National Union
- Proposed state: Free State of Caprivi Strip/Itenge
Niger
- Azawagh and Ayr region
- Political: Taniminnak Tidot N Tenere, Tidot Union of Tenere.
- Proposed state: Akal N Tenere, Tenere Republic
Nigeria
- Bakassi Peninsula
- Igbo
- Proposed state: Biafra (defunct)
- Political: Movement for the Actualization of the Sovereign State of Biafra
- Ogoni
- Yoruba
- Political: Oodua Republic Front
Rwanda
- Batwa
- Political: Association for the Promotion of Batwa
Somalia
- Gedo
- Violent: Rahanwein Resistance Army
- Proposed state: State of Southwestern Somalia
- Hiranland
- Proposed state: States of the Central Somalia
- Jubaland
- Violent: Somali Patriotic Movement
- Proposed state: Republic of Jubaland
- Puntland
- Political: Somali Salvation Democratic Front
- De facto state: Republic of Puntland State of Somalia
- Somaliland
- Political: Somali National Movement
- De facto state: Republic of Somaliland
Senegal
South Africa
- Afrikaner
- Political: Volksfront, Vryheidsfront
- Violent: Afrikaner Resistance Movement
- Proposed state: Orania
- Bophuthatswana
- KwaZulu Natal
- Political: Inkatha Freedom Party
- Western Cape
- Proposed state: The Cape Republic
Sudan
- Beja
- Violent: Beja Congress
- Darfur
- Violent: Darfur Liberation Front
- Kassala
- Lado
- Southern Sudan
- Proposed state: Nile State
Tanzania
- Zanzibar
- Political: Civic United Front
Western Sahara
- Sahrawis
- De facto state: Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
- Political: Polisario Front
Zambia
- Barotse
- Proposed state: Barotseland
- Violent: Barotse Patriotic Front
Zimbabwe
Asia
Armenia
- Kurdish people
- Political: Kurdistan Democratic Party
- Violent: Patriotic Union of Kurdistan
- Proposed state: Kurdistan
Azerbaijan
- Nagorno-Karabakh
- De facto state: Nagorno-Karabakh Republic
- Nakhichevan
- Proposed state: Republic of Nakhichevan
- Talysh-Mughan (Talyshstan)
- Proposed state: Talysh-Mughan Republic
Bahrain
Bangladesh
- Chakma, Chittagong Hill Tracts
- Political: Parbattya Chattagram Jana Sanghati Samiti, or Chittagong Hill Tribal People's Coordination Association
- Proposed state: Confederacy of Chittagong
- Hindu people, south-western Bangladesh
- Political: Swadhin Bangabhumi Andolan
- Proposed State: Bangabhumi
China
People's Republic of China
Secessionist movements
- Inner Mongolia
- Tibet
- Government-in-exile: Tibetan Government in Exile
- Political: International Tibet Independence Movement, National Democratic Party of Tibet, United Liberation Front of Tibet
- Xinjiang
- Violent: East Turkestan Islamic Movement
- Political: East Turkestan Government in Exile (newly founded, and not widely known or recognized yet)
Proposed state: Eastern Turkistan Republic
Autonomist movements
- Hong Kong
- Political: Pro-democracy camp (Democratic Party, The Frontier, Hong Kong Confederation of Trade Unions, Neighbourhood and Workers Service Centre, Basic Law Article 45 Concern Group and other pro-democracy independents)
- Macau
- Political: New Macau Association
Republic of China (Taiwan)
- Taiwan (Main article: Taiwan independence, Political status of Taiwan)
- Political: Pan-Green Coalition (Democratic Progressive Party, Taiwan Solidarity Union, Taiwan Independence Party)
- Proposed state: Republic of Taiwan
Georgia
- Abkhazia
- De facto state: Republic of Abkhazia
- Ajaria
- Mingrelia
- Ossetians
- De facto state: Republic of South Ossetia
India
See also: Insurgent groups in Northeast India
- Andhra Pradesh
- Political: Jai Andhra
- Arunachal Pradesh
- Violent: Arunachal Dragon Force
- Proposed state: Teola country
- Assam
- Bodoland
- Dimaland
- Political: Dima Halim Daogah
- Garo
- Violent: People's Liberation Front of Meghalaya, Achik National Volunteer Council
- Proposed state: Achikland
- Goa
- Gondwana
- Political: Gondwana Ganatantra Party, seeking to create a Gondi state from parts of Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, and Maharashtra.
- Kangleipak
- Kamtapur
- Political: Kamtapur Peoples Party (political wing of KLO)
- Violent: Kamtapur Liberation Organisation, Koch-Rajbongshi Liberation Organisation
- Karbi
- Violent: Karbi National Volunteers
- Proposed state: Karbi-Anglong
- Kashmir
- Violent: Jammu Kashmir Liberation Front
- Political: Kashmir Independence Organization
- Proposed state: Azad Kashmir
- Khasi
- Kuki
- Violent: Kuki National Army
- Nagaland
- Violent: National Socialist Council of Nagalim
- Government-in-exile: Government of the People’s Republic of Nagaland
- Proposed state: Nagalim, or Peoples Republic of Nagaland
- Manipur
- Mizoram
- Violent: Zomi Revolutionary Organization, Mizoram Farmers Liberation Force
- Proposed state: Zozam
- Punjab
- Proposed state: Khalistan
- Violent: Khalistan Commando Force–Panjwar, Babbar Khalsa International, Khalistan Zindabad Force, International Sikh Youth Federation
- Rabha
- Proposed state: Rhabaland
- Violent: Rabha National Security Force
- Rayalaseema
- Reang
- Violent: Bru National Liberation Front
- Tamil Nadu
- Telangana
- Political: Telangana Rashtra Samithi, seeking to separate Telangana from Andhra Pradesh state. Various other minor parties such as Jai Telangana Party, Telangana Communist Party, Telangana Janata Party, Telangana Praja Samithi, Telangana Rashtra Party, Telangana Rashtra Sadhana Front, Telangana Rashtra Samithi and Telangana Sadhana Samithi.
- Tripura
- Violent: National Liberation Front of Tripura (two factions operating), All Tripura Tiger Force
- Vidarbha
- Political: Vidarbha Rajya Party, Vidarbha Vikas Party, seeking to separate Vidarbha from Maharashtra.
Indonesia
- Aceh
- Violent: Free Aceh Movement
- Maluku
- Government-in-exile: Republik Maluku Selatan
- Riau
- West Papua
- Political: Free Papua Movement/Organisasi Papua Merdeka, West Papua Niugini
- Proposed state: Republic of West Papua
- West Timor
Iran
- Ahwaz
- Political: Democratic Solidarity Party of Ahwaz
- Assyria
- Political: Assyrian Universal Alliance
- South Azerbaijan
- Kurdish people
- Political: Kurdistan Democratic Party
- Violent: Patriotic Union of Kurdistan
- Proposed state: Kurdistan
Iraq
- Kurdish people
- Violent: Kurdistan Democratic Party
- Violent: Patriotic Union of Kurdistan
- Proposed state: Kurdistan
- Shias
- Assyria
- Political: Assyrian Universal Alliance
Israel
- Palestine (Main article: Proposals for a Palestinian state)
- Political/Violent: Palestine Liberation Front, Palestine Liberation Organisation
- Violent: Hamas, Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine, Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine
- De facto state: Palestinian National Authority
Japan
- Ainu
- Hokkaido
- Ryukyus
- Proposed state: Republic of the Ryukyus
- Political: Okinawa Independence Movement, Okinawa Independence Party
Laos
Lebanon
Malaysia
- Sabah
- Sarawak
- Political: Sarawak United Peoples' Party
Myanmar
- Arakan
- Political/Violent: Arakan Independence Alliance
- Chin
- Violent: Chin National Front
- Proposed state: Chinland
- Kachin
- Political: Kachin National Organization
- Proposed state: Kachinland
- Karen
- Political/Violent: Karen National Union
- Violent: Karen National Liberation Army
- Proposed state: Republic of Kawthoolei
- Karenni
- Political/Violent: Karenni National Progressive Party
- Violent: Karenni Army
- Government-in-exile: Karenni Provisional Government
- Proposed state: United Karenni Independent States
- Kuki
- Political/Violent: Kuki National Organisation
- Violent: Kuki National Army
- Proposed state: Kukiland
- Mon
- Political: New Mon State Party
- Nagaland
- Violent: National Socialist Council of Nagaland
- Government-in-exile: Government of the People's Republic of Nagaland
- Proposed state: Nagalim, or Peoples Republic of Nagaland
- Rakhine
- Political/Violent: Arakan Rohingya National Organization
- Shan
- Political: Shan Democratic Union
- Political/Violent: Restoration Council of Shan State
- Violent: Shan State Army
- Proposed state: United Shan States
- Wa
- Political: United Wa State Party
- Violent: United Wa State Army
- Proposed state: Wa State
- Zomi
- Political: Zomi National Congress, Zomi Reunification Organization
- Violent: Zomi National Front/Army, Zomi Revolutionary Army
- Proposed state: Zogam, or Federated State of Zomi
Pakistan
Philippines
- Bangsamoro
- Political: Moro National Liberation Front
- Violent: Moro Islamic Liberation Front
- Proposed state: Federal Republic of Mindanao
- Cordillera
- Political: Cordillera Bodong Association
- Violent: Cordillera People's Liberation Army
Russia (Asia)
- Buryatia
- Eastern Siberia
- Proposed state: United States of Northern Asia
- Sakha
- Political: Sakha-Amuk
- Tuva
Sri Lanka
- Tamil
- De facto state: Tamil Eelam
- Violent: Tamil Tigers
- Political: Tamil United Liberation Front
Syria
- Kurdish people
- Political: Kurdistan Democratic Party
- Violent: Patriotic Union of Kurdistan
- Proposed state: Kurdistan
- Assyria
- Political: Assyrian Universal Alliance
Tajikistan
Thailand
- Hmong
- South Muslim Thailand
- Violent: Pattani United Liberation Organization (PULO)
- Proposed state: Greater Patani State (Negara Patani Raya)
Turkey
- Assyria
- Political: Assyrian Universal Alliance
- Kurdish people
- Political: Kurdistan Democratic Party
- Proposed state: Kurdistan
- Violent: Patriotic Union of Kurdistan, Kurdistan Workers Party
United Arab Emirates
Uzbekistan
Vietnam
Yemen
Europe
Albania
- Northern Epirus
- Illyria
- Proposed state: Illyria Republic
Belgium
- Flanders
- Political: Vlaams Belang (formerly Vlaams Blok), Volksunie, Nieuw-Vlaamse Alliantie; see also Flemish movement
- Wallonia
- Political: Front National (Belgium) Rassemblement Wallonie-France ([1])
Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Proposed State: Republika Srpska
- Proposed State: Herceg Bosna
Croatia
- Active regional autonomy movements present in all parts of the country, but notably in:
Cyprus
- Northern Cyprus
- De facto state: Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus
Denmark
- Faroe Islands
- Political: Independence Party
- Greenland
- Political: Inuit Ataqatigiit
Finland
- Åland
- Political: List for Ålands Future
- Sami
- Proposed state: Lapland
France (Europe)
- Alsace-Lorraine
- Basque Country
- Political: Batasuna
- Violent: Euskadi Ta Askatasuna
- Brittany
- Political: Parti pour l'Organisation d'une Bretagne Libre, Union Démocratique Bretonne, Emgann, Front de Libération de la Bretagne
- Violent: Armee Revolutionnaire Bretonne
- Proposed state: Breizh
- Corsica
- Political: Corsica Nazione
- Violent: National Front for the Liberation of Corsica
- Nice
- Normandy
- Political: Le Mouvement Normand
- Northern Catalonia
- Political: Bloc Català, Esquerra Republicana de Catalunya - Catalunya Nord.
- Proposed state: Catalan Countries
- Savoy
- Political: Savoy Regional Movement
- Political: Ligue savoisienne
- Occitania
- Political: Parti Nacional Occitan
Germany
- Bavaria
- Political: Bavaria Party
Greece
Italy
- Aosta Valley
- Political: Lega Nord Valle d'Aosta
- Friuli
- Political: Movimento Friuli, Fuarce Friûl
- Northern Italy
- Sardinia
- Political: Sardigna Natzione
- Sicily
- South Tyrol
- Southern Italy
- Political: Lega Sud, Due Sicilie
- Proposed state: Ausonia
- Veneto
Republic of Macedonia
- Illyria
- Proposed state: Illyria Republic
Moldova
- Gagauz Yeri
- Transnistria
- De facto state: Transdniestrian Moldovan Republic
Netherlands (Europe)
Norway
Poland
- Kashubia
- Silesia
- Political: Ruch Autonomii Śląska
Portugal
- Azores
- Political: Democratic Party of the Atlantic
- Madeira
Romania
- Szekler
- Proposed land division: Szekler Autonomous Region
Russia (Europe)
- Chechnya
- Dagestan
- Ingushetia
- Kabardino-Balkaria
- Kaliningrad
- Karelia
- Northern Ossetia
- Sami
- Proposed state: Lapland
- Tatarstan
- Ural
- Political: Ural Transformation Movement
Serbia and Montenegro
- Montenegro
- Kosovo and Metohia
- Political: Democratic League of Kosovo
- Violent: Alliance for the Future of Kosovo, Democratic Party of Kosovo, National Movement for the Liberation of Kosovo, The People's Movement for Kosovo
- Presevo, Bujanovac and Medvedja
- Violent: UCPMB (defunct)
- Political: Political Council for Presevo, Meveda and Bujanovac
- Sandzak
- Vojvodina
Spain
- Andalusia
- Political: Nación Andaluza
- Aragon
- Political: Aragonese Party
- Asturias
- Political: Andecha Astur
- Balearic Islands
- Political: Esquerra Republicana de Catalunya - Federació Illes Balears i Pitiüsses, Partit Socialista de Mallorca
- Proposed state: Catalan Countries
- Basque Country
- Political: Partido Nacionalista Vasco, Eusko Alkartasuna, Euskal Herritarrok (previously Herri Batasuna and Batasuna), Euskadi Ta Askatasuna
- Violent: ETA
- Canary Islands
- Cantabria
- Castile
- Catalonia
- Political: Esquerra Republicana de Catalunya (Catalan Republican Left), Convergència Democràtica de Catalunya (Catalan Democratic Convergence), Unió Democràtica de Catalunya (Catalan Democratic Union)
- Violent: Terra Lliure (defunct)
- Proposed state: Catalan Countries
- Galicia
- Political: Bloque Nacionalista Galego (Galician Nationalist Block), NÓS-Unidade Popular (WE-Popular Unity), Frente Popular Galega (Galician Popular Front))
- Violent: Exercito Gerrilheiro do Povo Galego Ceibe (defunct)
- León
- Political: Conceyu Xoven
- Navarra
- Land of Valencia
- Political: Bloc Nacionalista Valencià (Valencian Nationalist Block), Esquerra Republicana del País Valencià (Valencian Republican Left)
- Proposed state: Catalan Countries
Sweden
Switzerland
- Jura
- Political: Mouvement Indépendantiste Jurassien (Jurassian Independentist Movement), Mouvement Autonomiste Jurassien (Jurassian Autonomist Movement), Groupe Bélier (Youth activists movment),
- Romandie
- Political: Mouvement Romand (French speaking region)
Ukraine
United Kingdom and associated territories (Europe)
- Cornwall: Cornish self-government movement, Constitutional status of Cornwall
- Political: Mebyon Kernow - Party for Cornwall, Cornish Green Party
- Cultural and Constitutional: Cornish Stannary Parliament, Cornish Solidarity, Tyr Gwyr Gweryn, Cornwall 2000
- Proposed state Cornwall as one of the home nations (possibly a Duchy) of the UK and not a county of England. An independant Cornish state is sought by some.
- England: English nationalism, English independence
- Political: English Democrats Party, English Independence Party
- Gibraltar
- Northern Ireland: Irish nationalism
- Isle of Man
- Political: Mec Vannin
- Scotland: Scottish independence
- Civil: Independence First
- Cultural: Siol nan Gaidheal
- Political: Scottish National Party, Scottish Green Party, Scottish Socialist Party, Margo MacDonald Independent MSP, Campbell Martin Independent MSP, Scottish Enterprise Party, Scottish Independence Party, Free Scotland Party
- Wales: Welsh nationalism
North America
Canada
Secessionist movements
- Alberta
- Political: Separation Party of Alberta
- British Columbia
- Political: British Columbia Separatist Movement
- Quebec (Main article: Quebec sovereignty movement)
- Civil: Saint-Jean-Baptiste Society, Mouvement national des Québécois et des Québécoises (MNQ), Rassemblement pour l'indépendance du Québec (RIQ), Les Intellectuels pour la souveraineté (IPSO), Mouvement de libération nationale du Québec (MLNQ) (and the Confédération des syndicats nationaux (CSN), Centrale des syndicats du Québec (CSQ), Fédération des travailleurs du Québec (FTQ) & Centrale des syndicats démocratiques (CSD) labour unions)
- Cultural: Les Artistes pour la Souveraineté, Union des Artistes
- Political: Parti Québécois, Bloc Québécois, Union des Forces Progressistes
- Western Canada
Autonomist movements
See also: Secessionist movements of Canada
United States
- Alaska
- Political: Alaskan Independence Party
- California
- Maryland: Eastern Shore of Maryland
- Killington, Vermont
- Voted to break away from Vermont and join New Hampshire due to grievances with Vermont tax policy, but currently waiting for the state legislatures of both states to approve the secession.
- New England
- Political: New England Confederation Movement
- New York City
- Proposed U.S. state: New York City secession
- Northern Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota
- Proposed state: North Star Republic
- Pacific Northwest
- Political: Cascadian National Party
- Proposed state: Cascadia
- Proposed state: State of Jefferson (northern California and southwestern Oregon)
- Puerto Rico: Puerto Rican Independence
- Political: Puerto Rican Independence Party
- The South
- Cultural/Political: League of the South
- Political: Neo-confederate movement
- Political: Southern Party (Defunct)
- Political: Southern Independence Party
- Southwest United States
- Immigrant: La Voz de Aztlán, MEChA
- Proposed country: Aztlán (to be dependent upon Mexico)
- Texas
- Proposed state: Republic of Texas
- Upper Peninsula of Michigan
- Proposed U.S. state: Superior
- Vermont
- Proposed state: Green Mountain Republic of Vermont
- Eastern Washington
- Proposed US state (in response to economic and political differences between the eastern and western parts of the state)
- Wendover, Utah
- Attempting to secede from Utah and be annexed to West Wendover, Nevada.
Mexico
- Chiapas
- Political/guerrilla: Zapatista National Liberation Army
Central/South America and Caribbean
Antigua and Barbuda
- Barbuda
- Political: Barbuda People's Movement
Bolivia
Brazil
- Pampas Republic (Southern Brazil)
Chile
Costa Rica
Ecuador
- Coast Region
France (South America and Caribbean)
Haiti
- Northern Haiti
- Proposed state: Artibonite
Netherlands (Caribbean)
Nicaragua
- Atlantic regions
Peru
St. Vincent and the Grenadines
St. Kitts and Nevis
- Nevis
- Political: Concerned Citizens' Movement, Nevis Reformation Party
Trinidad and Tobago
United Kingdom (Caribbean)
- Anguilla
- Bermuda
- Cayman Islands
- Montserrat
- Political: People's Liberation Movement, United National Front
- Turks and Caicos Islands
Oceania
Australia
- Norfolk Island
- Australian Aborigines (Main article: Australian Aboriginal Sovereignty)
- Political: Aboriginal Tent Embassy
- Western Australia
Fiji
France (Oceania)
- French Polynesia
- Political: Tavini Huiraatira
- New Caledonia
- Political: Kanak Nation
Indonesia
- Maluku
- Government-in-exile: Republik Maluku Selatan
- West Papua
- Political: Free Papua Movement/Organisasi Papua Merdeka, West Papua Niugini
- Proposed state: Republic of West Papua
- West Timor
Kiribati
Micronesia
New Zealand
- Cook Islands
- Maori
- Political: Aotearoa Liberation Movement
- Niue
- Tokelau
Papua New Guinea
- Bougainville
- Political: Bougainville Revolutionary Army (recently violent), Bougainville Freedom Movement
Solomon Islands
United States (Oceania)
- Guam
- Hawaii: Hawaiian sovereignty movement
- Political: Nation of Hawai‘i and other nationalist groups attempting to reassert the sovereignty of the Kingdom of Hawai‘i (internationally recognized as an independent country until 1893). (These groups argue that it is incorrect to apply the terms "secede", "secession" and "secessionist" in the case of Hawai‘i since, in their view, the 1898 annexation by the U.S. was never valid in the first place.)
- Northern Marianas
Vanuatu
- Espiritu Santo
- Proposed state: Vemerana
- Malekula
- Proposed state: N'Makiaute
- Northern islands
- Proposed state: Federation Na Griamel
- Tanna
- Political: Forcona Movement, Kapiel Alliance
- Proposed state: Tafea Nation
Further information
See also
- List of historical autonomist and secessionist movements
- European Union: Committee of the Regions, European Free Alliance
- Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organisation
- United Nations member states
- List of ethnic groups
- List of Chinese nationalities
- Self-determination
- Nationalism
- Separatism
- Autonomy
- Self-governance
- Sovereignty
External links
- eLandnet - indigenous peoples and national minorities worldwide
- Open Directory - Territorial Disputes
- List of leftist secessionist movements
- List of independence movements, wars, dependencies, overseas, commonwealths, territories, with possbility in percentage
- List of annexated countries, annexations, join, unification with another country, with possbility in percentage
- List of stateless nations
Categories: Incomplete lists | Politics | Sovereignty movements | National liberation movements | Disputed territories | Lists of movements
