Names of European cities in different languages

From Freepedia

Most cities in Europe have different names in different languages. Some cities have also undergone name changes for political or other reasons. This article attempts to give all known different names for all major European cities. It also includes some smaller towns that are important because of their location or history.

This article also lists cities of Turkey, Cyprus, and all the republics of the former Soviet Union. A number of important Mediterranean Basin cities are also included.

This article does not offer any opinion about what the "original", "official", "real", or "correct" name of any city is or was. Cities are listed alphabetically by their current best-known name in English. The English version is followed by variants in other languages, in alphabetical order by name, and then by any historical variants and former names.

Foreign names that are the same as their English equivalents may be listed, to provide an answer to the question "What is that name in..."?.

Contents:	Top - 0–9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

A

English Name	Other names or former names
Aabenraa	Apenrade (German)
Aachen	Ahen (Serbian), Aix-la-Chapelle (French), Aken (Dutch), Akwizgran (Polish), Aquae Grani or Aquisgranum (Latin), Aquisgrà (Catalan), Aquisgrán (Spanish), Aquisgrana (Italian), Aquisgrano (Portuguese), Cáchy (Czech), Åxhe (Walloon), Oochen (Luxembourgish), Óche (local Ripuarian), Aoke (Limburgish), Aachen (Bahasa Indonesia, German, Romanian)
Aalst	Aalst (Dutch), Alost (French)
Aarhus	Århus (Danish)
Abbeville	Abbatis Villa (Latin), Abbeville (French, Romanian)
Aiud	Aiud (Romanian), Nagyenyed (Hungarian), Strassburg (German)
Aix-en-Provence	Aix-en-Provence (French, Romanian), Aquae Sextiae (Latin), Ais (Occitan, Provençal)
Aix-les-Bains	Aix-les-Bains (French), Aquae Gratianae (Latin)
Albacete	Albacete (Bahasa Indonesia, Spanish), al-Basīt (Arabic)
Alba Iulia	Alba Iulia (Romanian), Apulum (Latin), Gyulafehérvár (Hungarian), Karlsburg (German), Weißenburg (former German)
Alexandroupolis	Alexandroúpoli - Αλεξανδρούπολη (Greek), Alexandroúpolis - Αλεξανδρούπολις (Greek-Katharevousa), Alexandropolis (Dutch), Dedeağaç (Turkish)
Algeciras	Algeciras (Spanish), Algesires (Catalan), al-Jazīra (Arabic)
Alicante	Akra Leuke (Ancient Greek), Alacant (Valencian/Catalan), Alicante (Spanish, Romanian), Alikantė (Lithuanian), al-Laqant (Arabic), Lucentum (Latin)
Almaty	Alma-Ata (Bahasa Indonesia, Dutch, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Turkish), Ałma Ata (Polish), Almata (Lithuanian), Almaty (Kazakh)
Amsterdam	Amstardam (Irish), Amstardām (Arabic), Amsterdam (Bahasa Indonesia, Dutch, Estonian, French, Italian, Polish, Serbian, Romanian, Catalan, Swedish, Limburgish), Ámsterdam (Spanish) Amsterdamas (Lithuanian), Amsterdão (Portuguese), Amsterodam (Czech), Amszterdam (Hungarian), Aemstelredamme / Amstelredam (former Dutch), Groot-Mokum (local slang)
Ankara	Ancara (Portuguese), Ancyra (Latin), Angora (former English, former Italian, former Romanian), Ankara (Bahasa Indonesia, Polish, Romanian, Serbian, Turkish), Ágkyra - Άγκυρα (Greek), Anqara (Arabic)
Anklam	Anklam (German), Nakło nad Pianą (Polish)
Antioch	Antakya (Turkish), Antioche (French), Antiochia (Italian, German, Polish, Slovak), Antiochie (Czech), Antiohia (Romanian), Αντιόχεια/Antiócheia (Greek), Antiokia (Bahasa Indonesia, Finnish, Swedish), Antioquía (Portuguese, Spanish), Antiochië (Dutch)
Antwerp	Amberes (Spanish), Amvérsa - Αμβέρσα (Greek), Antuérpia (Portuguese), Antverpen (Russian, Serbian, Ukrainian), Antverpenas (Lithuanian), Antverpene (Latvian), Antverpy (Czech, Slovak), Antwīrb (Arabic), Antwerpen (Dutch, Finnish, German, Swedish), Antwerpia (Polish), Anvers (French, Catalan, Romanian), Anversa (Italian), Anviesse (Walloon), Antverpeno (Esperanto), Antwerpe (local dialect, Limburgish)
Aquileia	Akwilea / Akwileja (Polish), Aquileia (Italian, Portuguese, Romanian), Aquileja (German), Oglej (Slovene)
Archangel	Arcángel (Spanish), Archangelsk (German), Archangelskas (Lithuanian), Archangielsk (Polish), Arhanđel (Serbian), Arhanghelsk (Romanian), Arkangeli (Finnish), Arkhangel'sk (Russian)
Arlon	Arlon (French), Aarlen (Dutch), Arel (German), Arel (Luxembourgish)
Arnhem	Arnheim (German), Arnhem (Dutch, Polish), Arnhim (Frisian), Ernem (local dialect)
Arras	Arasu - アラス (Japanese), Arazzo (medieval Italian), Arras (French, German, Italian, Portuguese, Romanian, Swedish), Atrecht (Dutch)
Aschaffenburg	Aschaffenburg (German), Aschaffenburgo (Spanish)
Ashkhabad	Ašchabád (Czech, Slovak), Aschchabad / Aschgabad / Aschgabat (German), Ašgabat (Finnish), Aşgabat / Aşkabat (Turkish), Aşhabad (Romanian), Ašhabad (Serbian), Ashgabat (Turkmen), Ashkhabad (Russian), Ashxobod (Uzbek), Asjchabad (Dutch), Aszchabad (Polish), Išq Ābād (Arabic)
Assisi	Ascesi (medieval Italian), Asís (Spanish), Asisi (Romanian),Assis (Portuguese), Assise (French), Assisi (Dutch, German, Italian), Asyż (Polish)
Astana	Akmolinsk (Russian), Akmola (Finnish), Akmola (variant in Russian), Akmoła (former Polish), Aqmola (former Kazakh), Astana (Kazakh, Polish, Serbian), Tselinograd (former Russian)
Athens	Афины/Afíny (Russian), Афіни/Afiny (Ukrainian), An Aithin (Irish), Ateena (Estonian, Finnish), Aten (Norwegian, Swedish) Aten - אַטען (Yiddish), Atena (Bahasa Indonesia, Croatian, Romanian), Atėnai (Lithuanian), Atenas (Portuguese, Spanish), Atēnas (Latvian), Atene (Italian, Slovene), Atenes (Catalan), Atenk (Armenian) Atény (Czech, Slovak), Ateny (Polish), Athen (Danish, German, Norwegian, Swedish), Athén (Hungarian), Aþena (Icelandic), Athenae (Latin), Athene (Dutch, Limburgish), Athènes (French), Athény (alternative Czech), Athína - Αθήνα (Greek), Atīnā (Arabic), Atina (Bulgarian, Serbian, Turkish), Atene - アテネ (Japanese)
Augsburg	Augsbourg (French), Augsburg (German, Polish, Catalan, Romanian), Augsburgo (Spanish, Portuguese), Augšpurk / Aušpurk (Czech), Augusta (Italian), Augusta Vindelicorum (Latin), Oogsborg (Low Saxon), Avgústa - Αυγούστα (Greek)
Avignon	Avenio (Latin), Avignon (French, Romanian), Avignone (Italian), Avinhão (Portuguese), Avinhon (Occitan, Provençal), Avinjon (Serbian), Aviñón (Spanish), Awinion (Polish), Anvinyó (Catalan)

B

English Name	Other names or former names
Baia Mare	Baia Mare (Romanian), Frauenbach (German), Nagybánya (Hungarian), Neustadt (rarer German)
Bakhchisaray	Bakczysaraj (Polish), Bakhchisaray - Бахчисарай (Russian), Bakhchysarai - Бахчисарай (Russian, Ukrainian), Bağçasaray (Tatar), Bahcisarai (Romanian)
Baku	Bacu (Portuguese), Bakı (Azeri), Bakoe (Dutch), Bakou (French), Baku (Bahasa Indonesia, Polish, Serbian, Romanian), Bākū (Arabic), Bakü (Turkish)
Bar (Montenegro)	Antivari (Italian), Bar (Croatian, Romanian, Serbian); Dioclea or Doclea (Latin; ancient city nearby), Duklja (Croatian, Macedonian, Serbian; same ancient city and mediæval state)
Barcelona	Barcellona (Italian), Barcelona (Portuguese, Spanish, Catalan, Polish, Romanian, Slovene), Barcelone (French), Barcino (Latin), Barna (Spanish abbreviation), Baršalūna (Arabic), Barselona (Lithuanian, Russian, Serbian, Turkish, Ukrainian), Varkelóni - Βαρκελώνη (Greek), Bårçulone (Walloon)
Basel	Bâle (French), Basilea (Catalan, Italian, Romansh, Spanish), Basileia (Portuguese), Basilej (Czech), Basle (variant in English), Bazel (Dutch, Serbian), Bázel (Hungarian), Bazel' (Russian, Ukrainian), Bazelis (Lithuanian), Bāzil (Arabic), Bazilej (Slovak), Bazylea (Polish), Vasileía - Βασιλεία (Greek), Basel (Romanian)
Bastogne	Bastogne (English, French, Romanian), Bastenaken (Dutch), Bastnach (German), Baaschtnech or Baastnech (Luxembourgish)
Bath	Aquae Sulis (Latin), Baðum / Baðan / Baðon (Anglo-Saxon), Caerfaddon (Welsh)
Bautzen	Budyšin (Upper Sorbian), Budyšín (Czech, Slovak), Budyšyn (Lower Sorbian), Budziszyn (Polish)
Będzin	Będzin (Polish), Bendin - Бендин (Russian), Bendin - בענדין (Yiddish), Bendzin (German)
Bela Crkva	Bela Crkva (Serbian), Biała Cerkiew (Polish), Bílá Cerevek (Czech), Biserica Alba (Romanian), Fehértemplom (Hungarian)
Belfast	Béal Feirste (Irish), Belfastas (Lithuanian), Belfast (French, Romanian, Spanish)
Belfort	Beffert (German), Befert (old German), Belfort (French)
Belgrade	Béalgrád (Irish), Bělehrad (Czech), Belehrad (Slovak), Belgrad (Armenian, Bulgarian, Catalan, Finnish, German, Polish, Romanian, Russian, Turkish), Belgrád (Hungarian), Belgrada (Latvian), Belgradas (Lithuanian), Belgrade (French), Belgråde (Walloon), Belgrado (Dutch, Italian, Portuguese, Spanish), Beograd (Croatian, Danish, Slovene), Beograd - Београд (Serbian), Bilġrād (Arabic), Bjelhrad (Ukrainian), Nándorfehérvár (former Hungarian), Singidunum (Latin), Veligrádi - Βελιγράδι (Greek), Griechisch-Weißenburg (old German, rare)
Berat	Berat / Berati (Albanian), Albánský Bělehrad (Czech)
Berdychiv	Berdychiv - Бердичів (Ukrainian), Berdichev - Бердичев (Russian), Barditshev - באַרדיטשעװ (Yiddish), Berdyczów (Polish), Berdicev (Romanian),
Bergen (Norway)	Bergen (Norwegian, Romanian), Bergenas (Lithuanian), Björgvin (Icelandic)
Berlin	Barlīn (Arabic), Barliń (Lower Sorbian), Beirlín (Irish), Berliin (Estonian), Berliini (Finnish), Berlijn (Dutch), Berlim (Portuguese), Berlín (Catalan, Czech, Icelandic, Slovak, Spanish), Berlin (Russian, Croatian, Danish, German, Hungarian, Norwegian, Polish, Romanian, Serbian, Slovene, Swedish, French, Walloon), Berlin - בערלין (Yiddish), Berlīne (Latvian), Berlino (Italian, Esperanto), Berlyn (Afrikaans, Frisian), Berlynas (Lithuanian), Βερολίνο - Verolíno (Greek), Berlien (Limburgish), Berurin - ベルリン (Japanese)
Berne	Bern (Czech, Danish, Dutch, Estonian, Finnish, German, Hungarian, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, Turkish, Ukrainian), Berna (Catalan, Italian, Portuguese, Romanian, Romansh, Spanish), Bernas (Lithuanian), Berne (French), Berno (Polish), Vérni - Βέρνη (Greek)
Besançon	Besançon (French, Romanian), Bisanz (old German)
Białowieża	Biełavieža - Белавежа (Belarusian), Bělověž (Czech), Białowieża (Polish)
Białystok	Białystok (Polish), Biełastok - Беласток (Belarusian), Balstogė (Lithuanian), Belostok - Белосток (Russian), Bjalistoko (Esperanto), Byalistok - ביאַליסטאָק (Yiddish)
Biel/Bienne	Belenus (Latin), Biel (German), Bienne (French)
Biella	Biella (Italian), Bugella (Latin)
Bilbao	Bilbao (Catalan, Spanish, Romanian), Bilbau (Portuguese), Bilbo (Basque),
Bil'shivtsi	Bil'shivtsi - Більшівці (Ukrainian), Bol'shovtsy - Болшовцы (Russian), Bolszowce (Polish), Bolshvets - באָלשװעץ (Yiddish), Bilişăuţi (Romanian)
Birmingham	Бирмингем (Russian, Serbian), Birmingemas (Lithuanian)
Bishkek	Bichkek (French), Bischkek (German), Biškek (Finnish, Serbian, Slovene), Bişkek (Romanian, Turkish), Biškekas (Lithuanian), Biszkek (Polish); Frunze (former name)
Bischofswerda	Bischofswerda (German), Biskupice (Polish)
Bistriţa	Beszterce (Hungarian), Bistrica (Serbian), Bistriţa (Romanian), Bistritz (German), Bystrzyca (Polish)
Bologna	Bologna (Italian, Romanian, Slovene), Bologne (French), Boloňa (Czech), Bolonha (Portuguese), Bolonia (Polish, Spanish), Bolonija (Lithuanian), Bolonja (Serbian), Bolonya (Catalan, Turkish)
Bouillon	Bouillon (French, Romanian), Bouyon (Walloon)
Bolzano	Bolzano (Italian), Bozen (Afrikaans, Dutch, German)
Bordeaux	Bordeaux (French, Romanian), Bordèu (Gascon, Occitan, Provençal), Bordéus (Portuguese), Burdeus (Catalan), Bordo (Lithuanian, Serbian), Bordozo (Esperanto), Burdeos (Spanish), Bordele (Basque), Burdigala (Latin)
Bonn	Bon (Serbian), Bona (Lithuanian, Portuguese), Bonna or Castrum Bonnense (Latin), Vónni - Βόννη (Greek)
Botoşani	Botoşani (Romanian), Botosány (Hungarian), Botoszany (Polish)
Braniewo	Braniewo (Polish), Braunsberg (German), Brus (Old Prussian)
Braşov	Braşov (Romanian), Brassó (Hungarian), Brašov (Serbian), Braszów (Polish), Corona (Latin), Kronstadt (German), Stephanópolis (Greek), Brašovas (Lithuanian)
Bratislava	Bratislava - Братислава (Bulgarian, Serbian), Bratislava (Czech, Catalan, Dutch, Finnish, French, German, Italian, Lithuanian, Portuguese, Romanian, Slovak, Slovene, Spanish, Swedish), Братислава/Bratyslava (Ukrainian), Bratysława (Polish), Pozsony (Hungarian), Presbourg (French till 1919), Pressburg (obsolete German), Prešpurk (Czech till 1919), Prešporok (Slovak till 1919) [Note: The name was officially changed from Pressburg / Prešporok / Pozsony to Bratislava in 1919; for a list of older names see Bratislava
Bratslav	Bracław (Polish), Bracłaŭ - Брацлаў (Belarusian), Breslov (Yiddish)
Braunschweig	Braunschweig (German, Romanian, Slovene, variant in English), Braunšvajg (Serbian), Brunšvik (Czech), Brunsvique (Portuguese), Brunswick (French, English, Italian, Spanish), Brunswijk (Dutch), Brunszwik (Polish)
Břeclav	Břeclav (Czech), Lundenburg (German), Brzecław (Polish)
Bremen	Bréma (Hungarian), Brema (Italian, Polish, Spanish), Brême (French), Bremen (Afrikaans, Croatian, Danish, Estonian, Frisian, German, Portuguese, Norwegian, Romanian, Serbian, Slovene, Swedish), Brėmenas (Lithuanian), Brémy (Czech, Slovak), Brimarborg (Icelandic), Vrémi - Βρέμη (Greek)
Bremerhaven	Bremerhaven (German, Romanian), Brémský Přístav (Czech)
Brest (Belarus)	Bieraście - Берасьце (traditional Belarusian name), Brasta (Lithuanian), Brest (Romanian), Brest-Litovsk (former English, former Romanian, former Russian), Brześć Litewski (Polish), Brześć nad Bugiem (Polish 1918-1939); Lietuvos Brasta (former Lithuanian); Brisk - בריסק (Yiddish)
Bristol	Briostó (Irish), Caerodor (Welsh)
Brno	Brno (Czech, Serbian, Romanian), Brünn (German, Hungarian)
Brody	Brody (Polish, Russian, Ukrainian; spelled Броды in Russian and Броди in Ukrainian), Brod (Romanian), Brod - בראָד (Yiddish)
Bruges	Briž (Serbian), Бриж (Macedonian), Bruges (French, Portuguese, Romanian, Luxembourgish), Brugge (Afrikaans, Bahasa Indonesia, Dutch), Brügge (Finnish, German), Bruggia (old Italian), Bruggy (Slovak), Brugia (Polish), Brugy (Czech), Bruixes (Catalan), Brujas (Spanish, Mediæval Portuguese), وبروج (Arabic), Briugė (Lithuanian), Brögke (Limburgish)
Bruntál	Bruntal (Polish), Bruntál (Czech), Freudenthal (German)
Brussels	An Bhruiséil (Irish), Bréissel (Luxembourgish), Brisel (Serbian), Брисел (Macedonian), Brisele (Latvian), Brisl - בריסל (Yiddish), Briuselis (Lithuanian), Bruksel (Armenian), Brüksel (Turkish), Bruksela (Polish), Brūksil (Arabic), Brusel (Czech, Slovak), Bruselj (Slovene), Brusela (Basque), Bruselas (Spanish), Brussel·les (Catalan), Brussel (Afrikaans, Bahasa Indonesia, Dutch, Norwegian), Brüssel (German), Brusselle (former Italian), Brüsszel (Hungarian), Bruxelas (Portuguese), Bruxelles (Danish, French, Italian, Romanian), Bryssel (Danish, Finnish, Swedish), Bryuksel (Bulgarian), Bryussel (Russian, Ukrainian), Vryxélles - Βρυξέλλες (Greek), Brussele (Walloon), Brössel (Limburgish)
Brzesko	Brzesko (Polish), Brigl - בריגל (Yiddish)
Buchach	Buchach - Бучач (Ukrainian), Buczacz (Polish, Romanian), Betshotsh - בעטשאָטש (Yiddish)
Bucharest	Boekarest (Akriaans, Dutch), Búcairist (Irish), Bucarest (Catalan, French, Italian, Spanish), Bucareste (Portuguese), Bucureşti (Romanian), Bukarest (Danish, Finnish, German, Hungarian, Swedish), Bukareštas (Lithuanian), Bukareste (Latvian), Bukareszt (Polish), Bukharest (Russian, Ukrainian), Bükreş (Turkish), Bukurešt (Bulgarian, Croatian, Macedonian, Serbian), Bukarešta (Slovene), Bukurešť (Czech, Slovak), Būqārist (Arabic), Voukourésti - Βουκουρέστι (Greek), Boekares (Limburgish)
Buda (now part of Budapest)	Buda (Italian, Hungarian, Portuguese, Romanian, Slovene, Lithuanian), Budín (Czech), Budin (Turkish), Ofen (German)
Budapest	Boedapest (Afrikaans, Dutch), Būdābist (Arabic), Búdaipeist (Irish), Budapest (Catalan, Italian, German, Hungarian, Spanish), Budapesht (Armenian), Budapešt (Russian, Ukrainian), Budapešť (Czech, Slovak), Budapešta (Bulgarian), Budapesta (Romanian), Budapeštas (Lithuanian), Budapeste (Portuguese), Budapeşte (Turkish), Budapeszt (Polish), Budimpešta (Croatian, Macedonian, Slovene, Serbian), Voudapésti - Βουδαπέστη (Greek), Ofenpest (former German), Boedapes (Limburgish)
Buje	Buie d'Istria (Italian), Buje (Croatian, Slovene)
Burg Stargard	Burg Stargard (German), Stargard Meklemburski (Polish)
Butrint	Butrint / Butrinti (Albanian), Butrinto (Italian)
Buzet	Buzet (Croatian, Slovene), Pinguente (Italian)
Bydgoszcz	Bidgošča (Lithuanian), Bidgošć (Serbian), Bromberg (German), Bydgostia (Latin), Bydgoszcz (Polish)
Bytom	Beuthen (German), Bytom (Polish)
Bytów	Betowo (Kashubian/Pomeranian), Bütow (German), Bytów (Polish)

C

English Name	Other names or former names
Cádiz	Cadice (Italian), Cádis (Portuguese), Cadis (Catalan) Cadix (French), Cádiz (Spanish), Cadiz (Romanian), Gades (Latin), Gadeira (Ancient Greek), Gadir (Phoenician), Kadyks (Polish), Kadiz (Serbian), al-Qādis (Arabic)
Cagliari	Cagliari (Italian), Càller (Catalan), Casteddu (Sardinian), Kaljari (Serbian)
Calais (France)	Kales (Dutch)
Cambrai	Kamerijk (Dutch), Kameriek (Limburgish)
Cambridge (England)	Caergrawnt (Welsh), Cantabrigia (Latin), Cantabrígia (Portuguese), Kembridž (Serbian), Kembridžas (Lithuanian), Kembriĝo (Esperanto), Kemburijji - ケンブリッジ (Japanese)
Canterbury	Caer-Cant (Saxon), Caergaint (Welsh), Cantorbéry (French), Cantuaria (Latin), Cantuária (Portuguese), Kantaraborg (Icelandic), Kantelberg (Dutch)
Carcassonne	Carcassona (Catalan, Italian, Occitan, Provençal), Carcassonne (French)
Cardiff	Caerdydd (Welsh, Irish), Kardif (Serbian), Kārdifa (Latvian), Ovicubium (Vulgar Latin)
Carlsbad	Karlovi Vari (Bulgarian, Croatian, Serbian), Karlovy Vary (Czech), Karlsbad (German, Swedish) Karlowe Wary (Polish)
Cartagena	Cartagena (Catalan, Spanish, Portuguese), Cartagina (Romanian), Carthagène (French), Carthago Nova (Latin), Kartagina (Polish, Serbian), al-Qartājanna (Arabic)
Celje	Celeia (Latin), Celje (Slovene, Serbian), Celle (German), Cille (Hungarian), Cilli (older English (1911 EB), older German), Kelea (Celtic)
České Budějovice	Budweis (German), Czeskie Budziejowice (Polish), České Budějovice (Czech, Slovak)
Český Těšín	Český Těšín (Czech), Czeski Cieszyn (Polish)
Cetinje	Cettigne (Italian), Cetinje (Serbian)
Chania	La Canée (French), Khaniá - Χανιά (Greek), La Canea (Catalan, Italian, Spanish)
Charleroi	Charleroi (Dutch, French, Romanian), Karelskoning (unusual Dutch), Châlerwè / Tchålerwè (Walloon)
Cheb	Cheb (Czech), Eger (German)
Chełmno	Chełmno (Polish), Culm (variant in German), Kulm (German)
Chemnitz	Chemnitz (German, Romanian), Kamienica Saska (Polish, traditional, not used anymore), Kamjenica (Sorbian), Saská Kamenice (Czech); Karl-Marx-Stadt (German 1953-1990)
Chernivtsi	Cernăuţi (Romanian), Cernovicy (German, alternate transliteration from the Ukrainian Cyrillic), Cernowitz (Yiddish, alternate form), Čérnivci (Ukrainian, 2nd most common Roman transliteration), Černivcy (Ukrainian, alternate transliteration), Černovce (Russian, alternate transliteration), Černovcy (Russian, alternate transliteration), Černovice (Czech/Slovak), Chernivci (Ukrainian, alternate transliteration), Chernivcy (Ukrainian, alternate transliteration), Chernivtcy (Ukrainian, alternate transliteration), Chernivtsi - Чернівці (Ukrainian, commonest English transliteration), Chernovcy (Russian, alternate transliteration), Chernovicy (Yiddish, alternate Roman transliteration of the Russian Cyrillic form), Chernovits (Yiddish, alternate transliteration), Chernovitse (Yiddish, rare transliteration into Roman script of the Ukrainian Cyrillic transliteration), Chernovitsy (Ukrainian, Yiddish, rare alternate transliteration), Chernovitz (Yiddish, alternate form), Chernovtsy - Черновцы (Russian), Chernowitz (Yiddish, alternate transliteration), Csernivci (Hungarian, alternate transliteration from the current Ukrainian Cyrillic name), Csernovic (Hungarian), Csernyivci (Hungarian, transliteration from the current Ukrainian Cyrillic name), Czernovicensia (Latin, ecclesiastical), Czerniowce (Polish), Czernovitz (Yiddish, alternate transliteration), Czernowitz (German), Tchernowcy (Yiddish, transliteration from the Russian Cyrillic form), Tjernivtsi (Norwegian, Swedish, transliterated from the Ukrainian Cyrillic original), Tscherniwzi (German, transliteration from the Ukrainian Cyrillic, from German version of 'Yurij Fedkovytsch Czernowitzer Nationaler Universität', i.e. 'Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University' website, 2005), Tschernovits (Yiddish, alternate trasliteration), Tschernowitz (German, archaic, non-standard form), Tshernevits (Yiddish, alternate transliteration), Tshernovits - טשערנאָוויץ (Yiddish, current standard transliteration)
Chernyakhovsk	Chernyakhovsk (Russian), Insterburg (German), Įsrutis (Lithuanian), Wystruć (Polish), Cernihovsk (Romanian)
Chester	Caerllion-ar-Dyfrdwy often abbreviated to Caer (Welsh)
Chişinău	Chişinău (Romanian), Chisinau (Catalan, Portuguese), Keshenev - קעשענעװ (Yiddish), Kischinew (German), Kishinjov - Кишинёв (Russian), Kīšīnāw (Arabic), Kišineu (Bulgarian), Kišiněv (Czech), Kišiniovas (Lithuanian), Kišinjev (Serbian), Kišiňov (Slovak), Kisinyov (Hungarian), Kisjenő (older Hungarian), Kiszyniów (Polish), Kyšyniv (Ukrainian)
Chorzów	Chorzów (Polish), Królewska Huta (Polish, until 1934), Králova Huť (Czech), Königshütte (German)
Cieszyn	Cieszyn (Polish), Teschen (German), Těšín (Czech), Tešín (Slovak)
Clermont-Ferrand	Clarmont (Occitan, Provençal), Clermonte (Spanish)
Cleves	Cléveris (Spanish), Clèves (French), Kleef (Dutch), Kleve (German)
Cluj	Claudiopolis (Ecclesiastical Latin), Napoca (Classical Latin), Cluj-Napoca (Romanian, formal), Cluj (Romanian, informal), Klausenburg (German), Kluž (Czech, Slovak), Kluż (Polish), Kolozsvár (Hungarian)
Coblenz	Coblença (Portuguese), Coblence (French), Coblenza (Italian, Spanish), Koblencja (Polish), Koblenz (German, Romanian, Slovene), Kueblenz (Luxembourgish)
Coburg	Cobourg (French), Coburg (German), Coburgo (Italian, Portuguese, Spanish)
Coimbra	Coimbra (Catalan, Italian, Portuguese, Romanian, Spanish), Coimbre (French), Conimbriga (Latin), Qulumriya (Arabic)
Cologne	Cologne (French), Colonia (Italian, Spanish), Colónia (Portuguese), Colònia (Catalan), Keln - Келн (Serbian), Keln - קעלן (Yiddish), Kelnas (Lithianian), Keulen (Dutch), Kjol'n (Russian, Ukrainian), Kolín nad Rýnem (Czech), Kolín nad Rýnom (Slovak), Kölle (Kölsch [local dialect], Limburgish), Köln (Estonian, Finnish, German, Hungarian, Icelandic, Romanian, Swedish, Turkish), Kolonía - Κολωνία (Greek), Kolonia (Polish)
Constanţa	Constanţa (Romanian), Küstendji (former Turkish), Konstanca (Hungarian, Polish) Constança (Brazilian Portuguese)
Copenhagen	Cóbanhávan (Irish), Copenaghen (Italian), Copenhaga (Portuguese, Romanian), Copenhague (Brazilian Portuguese, Catalan, French, Spanish), Hafnia (Latin), Kaupmannahöfn (Icelandic), Kobenhaven (Slovene), København (Danish, Norwegian), Kūbinhāġin (Arabic), Kodaň (Czech, Slovak), Kööpenhamina (Finnish), Kopengagen (Bulgarian, Russian), Kopenhaagen (Estonian), Kopenhag (Turkish), Kopenhaga (Lithuanian, Polish), Kopenhagen (Croatian, Dutch, German, Serbian), Kopenhāgena (Latvian), Köpenhamn (Swedish), Kopenkhági - Κοπεγχάγη (Greek), Koppenhága (Hungarian), Kopenhago (Esperanto)
Córdoba	Córdoba (Spanish), Cordoba (Romanian), Cordoue (French), Còrdova (Catalan), Cordova (Italian, former Romanian), Córdova (Portuguese), Kordoba (Polish, Slovene), Qurtubah (Arabic)
Corfu	Corcira/Corfu (Portuguese, Romanian), Corcyra (Latin), Corfou (French), Corfù (Italian), Corfú (Catalan, Spanish), Kérkira - Κέρκυρα (Greek), Korfu (Finnish, German, Hungarian, Polish, Slovak), Krf (Croatian, Serbian, Slovene), Крф (Macedonian)
Corinth	Corint (Catalan, Romanian), Corinthe (French), Corinto (Italian, Portuguese, Spanish), Korint (Croatian, Czech, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene), Kórinta (Icelandic), Korintas (Lithuanian), Korinth (German), Korinthe (Dutch), Kórinthos - Κόρινθος (Greek), Korintti (Finnish), Korynt (Polish)
Cork	Corc (Welsh), Corcaigh (Irish)
Corunna	La Corogne (French), A Coruña (Galician), La Coruña (Spanish), Corunha (Portuguese), La Corunya (Catalan, Serbian)
Cottbus	Chociebuż (Polish), Chóśebuz (Sorbian), Chotěbuz (Czech)
Crécy	Crécy-en-Ponthieu (French), Kresčak (Czech)

D

English Name	Other names or former names
Daugavpils	Daugavpils (Estonian, Latvian), Dźvinsk - Дзьвінск (Belarusian), Daugpilis (Lithuanian), Denenburg - דענענבורג (Yiddish), Dünaburg (former Estonian, German), Двинcк / Dvinsk (Russian), Dyneburg (Polish), Dźwińsk (former Polish variant)
Debrecen	Debrecen (Hungarian), Debrecín (Czech, Serbian), Debreţin (Romanian), Debreczin (German), Debreczyn (Polish)
Den Bosch	Bois-le-Duc (French), Bolduque (Spanish), Boscoducale (former Italian), Den Bos (Frisian), Den Bosch / 's-Hertogenbosch (Dutch), Herzogenbusch (German), De Bos(j) (Limburgish)
Dijon	Digione (Italian), Dijon (French, Romanian), Diviodunum (Latin)
Dillingen	Dilinga (Spanish), Dillingen (German)
Domažlice	Domažlice (Czech), Taus (German)
Donetsk	Doneţk (Romanian), Donetsk (Russian), Donetskas (Lithuanian), Donezk (German), Donieck (Polish), Donjeck (Serbian); Stalino (former name), Yuzovka (former name)
Dover	Douvres (French), Doveris (Lithuanian), Duvra (Latvian), Dover (Romanian)
Drachhausen	Drachhausen (German), Hochoza (Lower Sorbian)
Dresden	Dresden (Brazilian Portuguese, German), Drážďany (Czech, Slovak), Dresda (Italian, Portuguese, Romanian), Dresde (French, Spanish), Drésdi - Δρέσδη (Greek), Drezda (Hungarian), Drezden (Serbian), Drezdenas (Lithuanian), Drezno (Polish), Drježdźany (Lower Sorbian)
Drohiczyn	Drohiczyn (Polish), Darahičyn - Дарагічын (Belarusian), Drohičinas (Lithuanian)
Drohobycz	Drobitsh - דראָביטש (Yiddish), Drogobych (Russian), Дрогобич/Drohobych (Ukrainian), Drohobycz (German, Polish)
Dublin	Baile Átha Cliath (Irish), Dubh Linn (archaic Irish variant), Dablin (Arabic, Serbian), Dhuvlíno - Δουβλίνο (Greek), Dublim (Portuguese), Dublín (Catalan, Spanish), Dublinas (Lithuanian), Dublino (Italian), Dulenn (Breton), Dulyn (Welsh), Dyflinni (Icelandic), Dublin (Brazilian Portuguese, Romanian)
Dubrovnik	Dubrovnic (Romanian), Dubrovnik (Brazilian Portuguese, Croatian, Serbian), Dubrovnikas (Lithuanian), Ragusa (Italian, former Romanian), Raguse (old French), Dubrownik (Polish), Ragúsa - Ραγούσα, along with the official name (Greek)
Dunkirk	Dhunkérki - Δουνκέρκη (Greek), Duinkerken (Dutch), Dunkerque (French, Romanian), Dunkierka (Polish), Dünkirchen (German), Dunquerque (Italian, Portuguese, Spanish), Duunkèrke (Limburgish)
Durrës	Dhirrákhion - Δυρράχιον (Greek), Drač (Croatian, Czech, Serbian), Durazzo (Italian), Durrës (Albanian), Durŭs - Дуръс (Bulgarian), Dyrrhachium (Latin)
Dushanbe	Doesjanbe (Dutch), Douchanbé (French), Dušanbe (Finnish, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Tajik), Dušanbė (Lithuanian, Serbian), Duşanbe (Romanian, Turkish), Dūšānbī (Arabic), Duschanbe (German), Dusjanbe (Swedish), Duszanbe (Polish); Hissar (former name); Stalinabad (former name)
Düsseldorf	Diuseldorfas (Lithuanian), Dizeldorf (Serbian), Дизелдорф (Serbian), Düsseldorf (Brazilian Portuguese, Estonian, German, Romanian), Dusseldórfia (Portuguese), Dusseldorp (Dutch), Dusseldörp (Limburgish)

E

English Name	Other names or former names
Edinburgh	Caeredin (Welsh), Dún Éideann (Irish), Dùn Èideann (Scots Gaelic), Edinburrie (Scots), Edhimvúrgho - Εδιμβούργο (Greek), Edinborg (Icelandic), Edimbourg (French), Edimburgo (Italian, Portuguese, Spanish), Edinburg (Catalan, German [rare], Serbian, Romanian), Edinburga (Latvian), Edinburgas (Lithuanian), Edinburk (Czech), Edynburg (Polish)
Edirne	Adhrianúpolis - Αδριανούπολις (Greek), Adrianopel (German), Adrianopla (Portuguese), Adrianople (former English), Adrianopol (Polish, Romanian, Slovak), Adrianopole (Romanian), Adrianopoli (Italian, Finnish), Adrianopolis (Czech, Dutch), Adrianópolis (Spanish), Drinápoly (Hungarian), Drinopol (variant in Czech and Slovak), Hadrianople (variant in English), Jedrine (Serbian), Odrin (Bulgarian), Uskudama (Thracian)
Eger	Eger (Hungarian), Eğri (Turkish), Erlau (German), Jager (Czech), Jáger (Slovak), Jagier (former Polish)
Eisenhüttenstadt	Eisenhüttenstadt (German), Żelazowa Huta (Polish), Stalinstadt (former German)
Elbląg	Elbiąg (local Polish dialect), Elbląg (Polish), Elbing (German), Ilfing or Truso (Old Prussian)
Ełk	Ełk (Polish), Lyck (German)
Elsinore	Elseneur (French), Elsinor (Spanish, Romanian), Elsinore (Italian), Helsingør (Danish), Helsingör (Finnish, German, Swedish)
Emmerich	Emmerich (German), Emmerik (Dutch)
Erlangen	Erlangen (German), Erlanky (Czech)
Espoo	Espoo (Estonian, Finnish), Esbo (Swedish)
Esztergom	Esztergom (Hungarian), Eštergon (Serbian), Gran (German), Ostřihom (Czech), Ostrihom (Slovak), Ostrzyhom (Polish), Estergon (Turkish), Strigoniu (Romanian)
Eupatoria	Eupatoria (English, Polish, Romanian), Еvpatoriia - Євпаторія (Ukrainian), Kezlev (Tatar), Yevpatoriya - Евпатория (Russian)
Eupen	Eupen (German, French, Dutch), Néau (French, archaïc), Neyow (Walloon), Naowe / Naouwe (Walloon, medieval spellings)

F

English Name	Other names or former names
Flensburg	Flensborch (Low Saxon), Flensborg (Danish), Flensburg (German, Romanian)
Florence	Firenca (Croatian, Serbian), Firence (Slovene), Firenze (Estonian, Finnish, Hungarian, Italian), Flórans (Irish), Floransa (Turkish), Florença (Portuguese), Florència (Catalan), Florencia (Slovak, Spanish), Florencie (Czech), Florencija (Lithuanian), Florencja (Polish), Florens (Swedish), Florenţa (Romanian), Florenz (German),Florence (French), Florance (Walloon), Florentía - Φλωρεντία (Greek)
Flushing	Flesinga (Spanish), Flessinga (Italian), Flessingue (French), Vlissingen (Dutch)
Fort Augustus	Cille Chumein (Scots Gaelic)
Frankfurt am Main	Francfort (Catalan), Fráncfort del Meno (Spanish), Francfort-sur-le-Main (French), Francoforte sobre o Meno (Portuguese), Francoforte sul Meno (Italian), Frankfurt am Main (German), Frankfurtas prie Maino (Lithuanian), Frankfúrti - Φρανκφούρτη (Greek), Frankfurt na Majni (Serbian), Frankfurt nad Menem (Polish), Frankfurt nad Mohanem (Czech), Frankfurt nad Mohanom (Slovak), Frankfurt pe Main (Romanian), Frankfort aan de Main (Dutch, Limburgish), Majnafrankfurt (former Hungarian)
Frankfurt an der Oder	Fráncfort del Oder (Spanish), Francfort-sur-l'Oder (French), Francoforte sobre o Óder (Portuguese), Francoforte sull'Oder (Italian), Frankfurt an der Oder (German), Frankfurtas prie Oderio (Lithuanian), Frankfurt na Odri (Serbian), Frankfurt nad Odrą (Polish), Frankfurt nad Odrou (Slovak, Czech), Frankfurt pe Oder (Romanian), Oderafrankfurt (older Hungarian)
Freiburg	Frajburg (Serbian), Freiburg im Breisgau (German), Fribourg-en-Brisgau (French), Friburgo di Brisgovia (Italian), Fryburg (Polish)
Freising	Brižinje/Brižine (Slovene), Freising (German), Frisinga (Italian, Spanish), Frisingue (French)
Fribourg	Freiburg im Üechtland (German), Fribourg (French), Friburg (Catalan, Romansh), Friburgo (Italian, Portuguese, Spanish), Fryburg (Polish)
Frombork	Frauenburg (German), Frombork (Polish)

G

English Name	Other names or former names
Gallipoli	Galipolis (Lithuanian), Galipolje (Croatian, Serbian), Gallipoli (Italian, Romanian), Gelibolu (Turkish), Kalípolis - Καλλίπολις (Greek)
Galway	Gaillimh (Irish)
Gdańsk	Dancka (older Hungarian, Dants - דאַנץ (Yiddish), Dantzig (Afrikaans, former Dutch), Danzica (Italian), Danzig (German), Gdaňsk (Czech), Gdańsk (Polish), Gdanjsk (Serbian), Gdanskas (Lithuanian), Gduńsk (Kashubian), Gedania (Latin), Gdansk (Romanian), Danţig (older Romanian)
Gdynia	Gdingen (former Dutch, German), Gdiniô (Kashubian/Pomeranian), Gdyně (Czech), Gdynė (Lithuanian), Gdynia (Polish, Romanian), Gotenhafen (German 1939-1945)
Geneva	Cenevre (Turkish), Genebra (Portuguese), Geneva (Romanian), Geneve / Genève (Afrikaans, Armenian, Dutch), Geneve (Finnish), Genève (French), Genevra (Romansh), Genewa (Polish), Genf (Estonian, German, Hungarian), An Ghinéiv (Irish), Ginebra (Catalan, Spanish), Ginevra (Italian), Jenewa (Bahasa Indonesia), Jinīf (Arabic), Yenévi - Γενεύη (Greek), Ženeva (Bulgarian, Croatian, Czech, Lithuanian, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, Ukrainian), Djeneve (Walloon), Zjenaef (Limburgish)
Genoa	Cenova (Turkish), Đenova (Serbian), Gênes (French), Gènova (Catalan), Genova (Finnish, Hungarian, Italian, Romanian, Slovene), Génova / Gênova (Portuguese), Génova (Spanish), Génova - Γένοβα (Greek), Genua (Dutch, German, Latin, Polish), Genuja (Lithuanian), Janov (Czech, Slovak), Zena (Genoese)
Ghent	Gand (French, Portuguese, Romanian), Gandawa (Polish), Gante (Spanish), Gent (Afrikaans, Bahasa Indonesia, Dutch, Estonian, Finnish, German), Guanto (old Italian), Gaunt (English, archaic)
Gibraltar	Cebelitarık (Turkish), Gibilterra (Italian), Jabal-Tarīq (Arabic), Gibraltar (Spanish, Portuguese, Romanian), Gibraltaras (Lithuanian)
Girona	Gerona (Spanish, Romanian), Girona (Catalan, Portuguese)
Gjirokastër	Argirocastro (Italian), Aryirókastron - Αργυρόκαστρον (Greek), Gjirokastër / Gjirokastra (Albanian), Ergiri (Turkish)
Glarus	Glaris (French), Glarona (Italian), Glaruna (Romansh), Glarus (German)
Glastonbury	Glaistimbir / Glaistimbir na nGael / Gloineistir (Irish)
Glasgow	Glaschú (Irish), Glaschù (Scots Gaelic)
Gliwice	Gleiwitz (German), Gliwice (Polish)
Gloucester	Glevum (Latin) Caer Glow (Welsh)
Głogów	Glogau (German), Hlohov (Czech), Glogov (Serbian), Glogovia (Latin), Glogova (Lithuanian), Głogów (Polish)
Gmünd	Cmunt (Czech), Gmünd (German)
Gorizia	Gorica (Slovene, Serbian), Gorizia (Italian), Görz (German)
Görlitz	Görlitz (Afrikaans, Dutch, German, Romanian), Zgorzelec (Polish), Zhořelec (Czech), Zhorjelc (Upper Sorbian)
Gothenburg	Gautaborg (Icelandic), Gioteburgas (Lithuanian), Göteborg (Estonian, Finnish, German, Polish, Romanian, Swedish), Gøteborg (Norwegian), Göteburg (Turkish), Gotemburgo (Portuguese, Spanish), Gotenburg (Afrikaans, Dutch, former German, former Polish)
Göttingen	Getynga (Polish), Getynky (Czech), Gœttingue (French), Gotinga (Spanish, Portuguese), Gottinga (Italian), Göttinga (medieval Hungarian)
Gramzow	Gramzow (German), Grębowo (Polish)
Granada	al-Ġarnāda (Arabic), Granada (Italian, Spanish, Lithuanian, Portuguese, Romanian, Serbian, Catalan), Grenade (French)
Graz	Grác (Hungarian, Serbian), Gradec (Slovene), Graz (German, Romanian), Grodziec (Polish), Štýrský Hradec (Czech)
Greifswald	Greifswald (Afrikaans, Dutch, French, German), Gryfia (Polish)
Grenoble	Grasanòbol (Occitan)
Groningen	Grins (Frisian), Groninga (Italian, Portuguese, Spanish), Groningen (Afrikaans, Dutch, German, Romanian), Groningue (French), Grönnen / Grunnen / Grunn'n (Gronings), Groot Loug or Stad (local nicknames), Greuninge (Limburgish)
Grozny	Djovkhar Ghaala (Chechen), Džochargala (alternative Lithuanian name), Groznas (Lithuanian), Groznîi (Romanian), Groznyj - Грозный (Russian)
Grudziądz	Graudenz (German), Grudziądz (Polish)
Günzburg	Günzburg (German), Gunzburgo (Spanish)
Gusev	Gąbin (Polish), Gumbinė (Lithuanian), Gumbinnen (German), Gusev - Гусев (Russian)
Győr	Győr (Hungarian), Raab (German), Ráb (Czech), Ghior (Romanian)

H

English Name	Other names or former names
Haderslev	Hadersleben (German), Haderslev (Danish)
Hamburg	Amburgo (Italian), Amvúrgho - Αμβούργο (Greek), Gamburg - Гамбург (Russian), Hamborg (Danish), Hambourg (French), Hamburch (Frisian, Low Saxon), Hambūrġ (Arabic), Hamburg (Afrikaans, Catalan, Croatian, Danish, Estonian, German, Hungarian, Polish, Romanian, Serbian, Slovene, Swedish), Hamburgas (Lithuanian), Hamburgo (Portuguese, Spanish), Hamburk (Czech), Hampuri (Finnish)
Hämeenlinna	Hämeenlinna (Estonian, Finnish), Tavastehus (Swedish)
Hamelin	Hamelen (Dutch), Hamelin (French, Italian, Portuguese), Hamelín (Spanish), Hameln (German)
Hanau	Hanau (German), Hanava (Czech)
Hanover	Anóvero - Αννόβερο (Greek), Ganover - Гановер (Russian), Hannover (Dutch, Estonian, Finnish, German, Italian), Hanôver (Portuguese), Hanóver (Spanish), Hanoveris (Lithuanian), Hanovra (Romanian), Hanovre (French), Hanower (Polish), Hanôve (Walloon)
Hasselt	Hasselt (Dutch, French, Limburgish), Hasse / Hasque / Hassèl (Walloon),
Heerlen	Heerlen (Dutch), Coriovallum (Latin), Heële (local Limburgish)
Heligoland	Helgoland (German, Polish, Romanian), Heligolândia (Portuguese), Dät Luun (North Frisian)
Helsinki	Elsínki - Ελσίνκι (Greek), Helsingfors (Danish, Norwegian, Swedish), Helsingforsia (former Latin name), Helsingi (Estonian), Helsingia (Latin), Hel'sinki (Bulgarian, Russian, Ukrainian), Helsinki (Finnish, German, Italian, Polish, Romanian, Serbian, Slovene), Helsinkis (Lithuanian), Helsinky (Czech), Helsinque (Brazilian Portuguese), Helsínquia (Portuguese), Chielsynki - Хельсынкі (Belarusian) Helsset (North Sami), Hilsīnkī (Arabic), Stadi and Hesa (Slangi)
Heraklion	Càndia (Catalan), Candia (Italian), Cândia/Heráclion (Portuguese), Candie (old French), Héraklion (French), Iraklion (Greek, Polish, Serbian, Romanian), Candía (Spanish), Kandiye (Turkish)
's Hertogenbosch	's Hertogenbosch (Dutch), Bois-le-Duc (French), Boscoducale (Italian), De Bos(j) (Limburgish)
Homyel'	Homiel = Гомель (Belarusian), Gomel' (Russian), Homl - האָמל (Yiddish), Homel (Polish)
Hoyerswerda	Hoyerswerda (German), Wojerecy (Sorbian)
Hrodna	Harodnia - Гародня (original Belarusian), Gardinas (Lithuanian), Grodno (Polish, Russian), Grodne - גראָדנע (Yiddish), Гродно/Hrodno (Ukrainian)
Hum	Hum (Croatian, Serbian), Colmo (Italian)
Huy	Huy (French), Hoei (Dutch), Hu (Walloon)

I

English Name	Other names or former names
Iaşi	Iaşi (Romanian), Iasó - Ιασώ (Greek), Jászvásár (old Hungarian), Jassy (German, also older English, Polish), Iassy (former French), Yaş (Turkish),
Iraklion	see Heraklion
Innsbruck	Innsbruck (German), Inomost (Old Slovene), Inomostí / Inšpruk (Czech), Insbrukas (Lithuanian), Insbruque (Portuguese), Inzbruk (Serbian)
Ioannina	Giannina (Italian), Ianina (Aromanian, Romanian), Ioannina (Finnish), Ioánnina - Ιωάννινα (Greek), Janinë / Janina (Albanian), Yánena - Γιάννενα/Yánina - Γιάννινα (Greek variants), Yanya (Turkish)
Istanbul	Bolis (Armenian) Estambul (Spanish), Istambul (Croatian, Italian, Portuguese), Istanboel (Dutch), Istanbūl (Arabic), Istanbuł / Stambuł (Polish), Istanbul (French, Romanian, Serbian, Slovenian), İstanbul (Turkish), Isztambul (Hungarian), Κωνσταντινούπολις / Konstantinúpolis Η Πόλις/I Polis (i.e. The City) (Greek), Mikligarður (Icelandic), Stamboll (Albanian), Stambul (Russian, Ukrainian), Stambula (Latvian), Stambulas (Lithuanian) Former names: Constantinoble (Catalan), Bizánc / Konstantinápoly (Hungarian), Bizanc / Carigrad / Konstantinopel (Slovene), Bizâncio / Constantinopla (Portuguese), Bizancjum / Carogród / Konstantynopol (Polish), Bizant / Carigrad / Konstantinopolj (Croatian, Serbian), Bizanţ / Constantinopol(e) / Stambul / Țarigrad (Romanian), Bisanzio / Costantinopoli (Italian), Bysants / Konstantinopel (Norwegian), Byzantion - Βυζάντιον (Greek), Byzantium / Constantinople (English), Byzantium / Constantinopolis (Latin), Carigrad (Croatian, Serbian), Cařihrad / Konstantinopol (Czech), Carihrad / Konštantínopol (Slovak), Constantinopel (Dutch), Konstantinopel (German, Swedish), Konstantinopoli (Finnish), Mikligarðr (Old Norse),Miklagord - ( Old Swedish), Qushta - קושטא (Hebrew), Tsarigrad (Russian); Estambul, Konstantinopyla, Koshta, Koshtandina, Kospoli, Kostan (other variants during Ottoman period), Byzance / Constantinople / Stamboul(French).
Izmir	Esmirna (Catalan, Portuguese, Spanish), İzmir (Armenian, Serbian, Turkish), Smirna (former Serbian, former Romanian), Smirne (Italian), Σμύρνη / Smýrni (Greek), Smyrna (variant in English)

J

English Name	Other names or former names
Jablonec nad Nisou	Gablonz (German)
Jakobstad	Jakobstad (Swedish), Pietarsaari (Estonian, Finnish)
Jarosław	Jaroslau (German), Jarosław (Polish), Yareslev - יאַרעסלעװ (Yiddish), Yaroslav (Russian)
Jena	Iéna (French), Iena (Romanian), Jena (German)
Jerusalem	Gerusalemme (Italian), Hierusalem (Latin), Ierusalim(Russian), Jerusalém (Portuguese), Jerusalem (Spanish), Yərušaláyim (Hebrew), Yərûšəlem - יְרוּשְׁלֶם (Aramaic), al-Quds (Arabic), Ierusalím - Ιερουσαλήμ (Greek)
Jihlava	Iglau (German), Jihlava (Czech)
Jurbarkas	Jurbarkas (Lithuanian), Georgenburg (German), Yurburg (Yiddish)

K

English Name	Other names or former names
Kajaani	Kajaani (Finnish), Kajana (Swedish)
Kaliningrad	Kaliningrad - Калининград (Russian), Kalingrad (Polish), Kaliningrad - Калінінград (Belarusian), Karalaviec - Каралявец (former Belarusian), Kaliningrado (Spanish, Portuguese), Kalinjingrad (Croatian, Serbian), Kaljinjingrad - Каљињинград (Serbian), Karaliaučius (Lithuanian), Kenigsberg קעניגסבערג (Yiddish), Keunigsbarg (Low Saxon), Koningsbergen (Dutch), Königsberg (German), Konigsberga (Old Portuguese), Královec (Czech), Królewiec (former Polish), Kalonyingrád/Königsberg (Hungarian)
Kamenz	Kamenz (German), Kamjenc (Upper Sorbian)
Kamyaniets Podilskiy	Cameniţa (Romanian), Kamenets קאַמענעץ (Yiddish), Kamenets-Podol'skiy - Каменец-Подольский (Russian), Kamieniec Podolski (Polish), Kam"yanets'-Podil's'kyy - Кам’янец-Подільський (Ukrainian)
Kandalaksha	Kandalaksha - Кандалакша (Russian), Kannanlahti / Kantalahti (Finnish)
Kartuzy	Karthaus (German), Kartuzy (Polish)
Katowice	Katovicai (Lithuanian), Katovice (Czech, Serbian), Katoviçe (Turkish), Katowice (Polish), Kattowitz (German); Stalinogród (Polish 1953-1956), Katovice (Hungarian)
Kaunas	Koŭna - Коўна (Belarusian), Kauen (German), Kaunas (Lithuanian, Serbian), Kovne - קאָװנע (Yiddish), Kovno (Czech), Kovno - Ковно (Russian), Kowno (Polish)
Kazan	Qazan (Tatar), Kasan (German), Casan (Latin)
Kem	Kem' - Кемь (Russian), Kemi or Vienan Kemi (Finnish)
Kemi	Giepma (Northern Sami)
Kerch	Kerç (Tatar), Kerch - Керч (Ukrainian), Kerch - Керчь (Russian), Kercz (Polish), Kerci (Romanian), Kertš (Finnish)
Kętrzyn	Kętrzyn (Polish), Rastenburg (German)
Kharkov	Charkov (Czech, Slovak), Charkovas (Lithuanian), Charków (Polish), Harkov (Romanian, Serbian), Harkova (Finnish), Hárkovo - Χάρκοβο (Greek), Karkov (Turkish), Kharkiv - Харків (Ukrainian), Khar'kov - Харьков (Russian)
Kiel	Kiel (Estonian, German, Hungarian, Romanian), Kilonia (Polish), Kylis (Lithuanian), Quília (Portuguese)
Kielce	Kelts - קעלץ (Yiddish), Kel'tsy - Кельцы (Russian), Kielce (Polish)
Kiev	Kænugarður (Icelandic), Kiëv (Dutch), Kiev (Italian, Portuguese, Romanian, Spanish) Kiev - קיִעװ (Yiddish), Kijeŭ - Кіеў (Belarusian), Kíevo - Κίεβο (Greek), Kiew (German), Kiiev (Estonian), Kijev (Croatian, Hungarian, Serbian, Slovene), Kijeva (Latvian), Kijevas (Lithuanian), Kijów (Polish), Kiova (Finnish), Kiyev - Киев (Russian), Kīyif (Arabic), Kyjev (Czech, Slovak); Kyyiv - Київ (Ukrainian), Qiyov - קיוב (Hebrew), Chiu ([very] old Romanian)
Kirovgrad	formerly Yelizavetgrad; Kirovgrado (Portuguese, Spanish)
Kilkenny	Cill Chainnigh (Irish)
Kiruna	Giron (Sami), Kiiruna (Finnish)
Klagenfurt	Celovec (Czech, Slovene), Klagenfurt (German), Želanec (alternative Czech name)
Klaipeda	Klaipeda (Estonian, Finnish), Klaipėda (Lithuanian), Kłajpeda (Polish, Belarusian), Meemel (former Estonian), Memel (German)
Kobarid	Caporetto (Italian, Romanian), Kobarid (Slovene)
Kolkwitz	Gołkojce (Lower Sorbian), Kolkwitz (Niederlausitz) (German)
Kolomyya	Colomeea (Romanian), Kilemey - קילעמײ (Yiddish), Kolomea (German), Kołomyja (Polish), Kolomyya - Коломия (Ukrainian)
Komotini	Gümülcine (Turkish), Komotini - Κομοτηνή (Greek)
Kondopoga	Kondopoga - Кондопога (Russian), Kontupohja (Finnish)
Konstanz	Constance (French, variant in English), Constança/Constância (Portuguese), Constanţa (Romanian), Costanza (Italian), Konstanca (Serbian), Konstancja (Polish), Köstence (Turkish), Kostnice (Czech), Konstántza - Κωνστάντζα (Greek)
Köpenick	Köpenick (German), Kopník (Czech)
Koper	Capodistria (Italian), Kopar (Croatian, Serbian), Koper (Slovene)
Korçë	Koritsa - Κορυτσά (Greek), Korçë / Korça (Albanian),
Kortrijk	Kortrijk (Dutch), Kortryk (Afrikaans) Courtrai (French, Romanian), Kortriek (Limburgish)
Košice	Kaschau (German), Kassa (Hungarian), Košice (Romanian, Serbian, Slovak), Koszyce (Polish), Caşovia (old Romanian)
Kosovo Polje	Amselfeld (German), Câmpia Mierlei (Romanian), Champ des merles (French), Fushe Koseve (Albanian), Kosovo Polje (Serbian), Kosowe Pole (Polish), Kosifopédhio - Κοσσυφοπέδιο (Greek), Merelveld (Afrikaans, Dutch), Rigómező (Hungarian)
Kotor	Cattaro (Italian), Kotor (Croatian, Serbian)
Kovel	Kovel' - Ковель (Russian, Ukrainian), Kowel (Polish), Kovl - קאָװל (Yiddish)
Kraków	Cracow (English variant), Cracovia (Italian, Spanish, Romanian), Cracóvia (Portuguese), Cracovie (French), Kroke - קראָקע (Yiddish), Kraká (Icelandic), Krakau (Dutch, German), Краків/Krakiv (Ukrainian), Krakkó (Hungarian), Krakov (Croatian, Czech, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, Turkish), Krakova (Finnish), Krakovía - Κρακοβία (Greek), Krakovo (Esperanto), Kraków (Polish), Krākūf (Arabic), Krokuva (Lithuanian), Krakaŭ - Кракаў (Belarusian)
Krems	Krems (German), Kremže / Křemže (Czech)
Kristianstad	Kristianstad (Swedish), Kristianstadas (Lithuanian)
Kristinestad	Christinae Stadh (former Swedish), Kristiinankaupunki (Finnish), Kristingrad - Кристинград (Serbian)
Krnov	Carnovia (Latin), Jägerndorf (German), Karniów (former Polish), Krnov (Czech), Krnów (Polish)
Kudowa Zdrój	Chudoba (Czech), Kudowa-Zdrój (Polish)
Kwidzyn	Kwidzyn (Polish), Marienwerder (German)
Kyle of Lochalsh	Caol Loch Ailse (Scots Gaelic)

L

English Name	Other names or former names
Labin	Albona (Italian), Labin (Croatian, Serban)
Lahti	Lahti (Estonian, Finnish, Romanian, Slovene), Lahtis (Swedish)
Lappeenranta	Lappeenranta (Estonian, Finnish), Villmanstrand (Swedish)
Lausanne	Lausanne (French, Romanian), Lausana (Spanish, Portuguese), Losanna (Italian), Lozan (Armenian, Turkish), Lozana (Serbian), Lozáni - Λωζάννη (Greek), Lozanna (Polish), Luzana (Slovene)
Leeuwarden	Leeuwarden (Dutch), Ljouwert (Frisian), Liwwarden (Town Frisian), Liewarde (Limburgish)
Leghorn	Liorna (Spanish), Livorno (Italian, Finnish, German, Portuguese, Romanian), Livourne (French)
Leicester	لستر (Persian), Caerlyr (Welsh), Ratae (Latin), Leicestria (Church Latin)
Leiden	Leida (Italian, Portuguese, Romanian), Leiden (Dutch, Slovene), Lejda (Polish), Leyde (French), Leyden (variant in English)
Leipzig	Lajpcig (Serbian), Leipcigas (Lithuanian), Leipsic (English), Leipzig (French, German, Romanian, Slovene), Lipcse (Hungarian), Lipsca (old Romanian), Lipsía - Λειψία (Greek), Lipsia (Italian), Lípsia (Portuguese), Lipsk (Lower Sorbian, Polish), Lipsko (Czech, Slovak)
Lębork	Lauenburg (German), Lębork (Polish)
Leuven	Leuven (Afrikaans, Dutch), Louvain (French, Romanian), Lováin (Irish), Lovaina (Catalan, Portuguese, Spanish), Lovaň (Czech), Lovanio (Italian), Löwen (German), Lovin (Walloon), Léiwen (Luxembourgish)
Lezhë	Lezhë / Lezha (Albanian), Alessio (Italian)
Liège	Lîdje / Lîdge (Walloon), Liege (Finnish, Swedish, Turkish), Liège (French, Hungarian, Romanian), Liége (former French, Portuguese), Liegi (Italian), Léck (Luxembourgish), Lieĝo (Esperanto), Lieja (Catalan, Spanish), Liež (Serbian), Luik (Dutch), Lutych (Czech), Lüttich (German), Leodium (Latin), Liégi - Λιέγη (Greek), Льеж (Russian), Лиеж (Bulgarian), ولييج (Arabic), ליאז' (Hebrew), Luuk (Luik) (Limburgish)
Liepāja	Libau (German), Libava (former Russian), Libave - ליבאַװע (Yiddish), Liepaja (Estonian), Liepāja (Latvian), Liibavi (former Estonian), Lipawa (Polish), Liyepaya (Russian)
Lier	Lier (Dutch), Lierre (French)
Lille	Lil (Serbian), Lilla (Catalan, Italian), Lille (French, Portuguese, Romanian), Rijsel (Dutch)
Limoges	Lemòtges (Occitan), Limož (Serbian)
Limassol	Lemesos - Λεμεσός (Greek), Leymosun (Turkish)
Limerick	Limeriko (Esperanto), Luimneach (Irish)
Linz	Linec (Czech), Linz (German, Romanian, Serbian, Slovene), Lentia (Latin)
Lisbon	ليسبون (Persian), Liospóin (Irish), Lisabon (Croatian, Czech, Serbian, Slovak), Lisabona (Lithuanian, Romanian), Lisboa (Portuguese, Spanish), Lisbona (Italian), Lisbonne (French), Lisbono (Esperanto), Lišbūna (Arabic), Lissabon (Danish, Dutch, Estonian, Finnish, German, Russian, Swedish), Lissavóna - Λισσαβώνα (Greek), Lisszabon (Hungarian), Lizbon (Armenian, Turkish), Lizbona (Polish, Slovene), Ushbune (old Arabian)
Liverpool	ليورپول (Persian), Learpholl (Irish), Lerpwl (Welsh), Liverpūle (Latvian), Liverpulis (Lithuanian), Liverpulo (Esperanto), Llynlleifiad (former Welsh)
Ljubljana	Laibach (German), Liubliana (Portuguese, Romanian, Spanish), Liublijana (Lithuanian), Liyūbliyānā (Arabic), Ljubljana (French, Serbian, Slovene), Lubiana (Italian), Lublaň (Czech), Lublana (Polish), Ľubľana (Slovak), Lubyana (Turkish)
Lleida	Lerida (Italian, Romanian), Lérida (French, Portuguese, Spanish), Lleida (Catalan)
Löbau	Löbau (German), Lubij (Upper Sorbian), Lubiniec (Polish)
London	لندن (Persian), Landan (Arabic), Llundain (Welsh), Londain (Irish), Londen (Afrikaans, Dutch), Λονδίνο / Londhíno (Greek), Londinium (Latin), Londona (Latvian), Londonas (Lithuanian), Londono (Esperanto), Londra (Italian, Romanian, Turkish), Londres (Catalan, French, Portuguese, Spanish), Londyn (Polish), Londýn (Czech, Slovak), Lontoo (Finnish), Loundres (Cornish), Lundúnir (Icelandic), Lunnainn (Scots Gaelic), Londe (Limburgish), Rondon - ロンドン (Japanese)
Londonderry	Derio (Esperanto), Derry (official English name in Republic of Ireland; disputed usage in Northern Ireland), Doire (Irish)
Longwy	Longwy (French), Lonkech (Luxembourgish)
Lourdes	Lorda (Catalan, Occitan), Lourde (Provençal), Lourdes (French, Italian, Portuguese, Romanian), Lurdy (Czech)
Lübben	Lübben (German), Lubin (Lower Sorbian, Polish)
Lübbenau	Lübbenau (German), Lubnjow (Lower Sorbian)
Lübeck	Libek (Serbian), Liubekas (Lithuanian), Lubecca (Italian), Lübeck (French, German, Romanian), Lubek (Czech), Lubeka (Polish), Lubeque (Portuguese), Lüübek (Estonian), Lyypekki (Finnish)
Lucca	Luca (Portuguese), Lucca (Italian, Romanian), Lucques (French), Lukka (Polish)
Lucerne	Liucerna (Lithuanian), Lucern (Czech, Serbian, Slovene), Lucerna (Italian, Romansh, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Spanish), Lucerne (French), Lukérni - Λουκέρνη (Greek), Luzern (Afrikaans, Dutch, German, Finnish, Serbian, Turkish), Luzerna (Catalan)
Luleå	Luleå (Swedish), Lulėja (Lithuanian), Luleo (Serbian), Luulaja (Finnish)
Lüneburg	Lüneburch (Low Saxon), Lüneburg (German, Romanian), Luneburgo (Italian, Portuguese), Lunenburg (Dutch, variant in English)
Lutsk	Luckas (Lithuanian), Luţk (Romanian), Lutsk / Luts’k / Луцьк (Ukrainian), Łuck (Polish),
Luxembourg	Lëtzebuerg (Luxembourgish), Liuksemburgas (Lithuanian), Ljuksemburg - Люксембург (Bulgarian, Russian), Ljuksemburh (Ukrainian), Lucemburk (Czech), Lucsamburg (Irish), Luksemboarch (Frisian), Luksemburg (Croatian, Macedonian, Polish, Serbian, Slovene), Lüksemburg (Turkish), Luksemburga (Latvian), Luksemburgio (Esperanto), Lussemburgo (Italian), Lussimbork (Walloon), Lützelburg (former German), Lúxemborg (Icelandic), Luxemborg / Luxembourg / Luxemburg (Danish), Luxembourg (Estonian, French, Hungarian [for the city]), Luxemburg (Afrikaans, Basque variant, Catalan, Dutch, English variant, Finnish, German, Hungarian [for the country], Romanian, Swedish), Luxemburgia (Latin variant), Luxemburgo (Portuguese, Spanish), Luxemburgum (Latin), Luxembursko (Slovak), Luxemvúrgho - Λουξεμβούργο (Greek), Luxenburgo (Basque), Lwcsembwrg (Welsh)
L'viv	Ilyvó (Hungarian), Lavov (Croatian, Serbian), Lemberg (German), Lemberig - לעמבעריג (Yiddish), Léopol (French), Leopoli (Italian), Leopolis (Latin), Liov (Romanian), L'viv - Львів (Ukrainian), Lvov (Finnish, Portuguese, Slovene), L'vov - Львов (Russian), Ľvov (Slovak), Lvovas (Lithuanian), Lwów (Polish)
Lyon	Lião (Portuguese), Lijonas (Lithuanian), Lió (Catalan), Lione (Italian), Liono (Esperanto), Liyon (Serbian), Lugdunum or Lugudunum (Latin), Lyon (French, German, Romanian, Slovene), Lyón (Spanish), Lyons (traditional English name), Lión - Λυών (Greek)

M

English Name	Other names or former names
Maastricht	Mastriht (Serbian), Maastricht (Dutch, French, Romanian), Maestricht (former French, Flemisch, Romanian variant), Mastrichtas (Lithuanian), Mastrique (Spanish), Mestreech (Limburgish), Traiectum ad Mosam or Traiectum superius (Latin), Måstrek / Li Trek (Walloon)
Madrid	Madhríti - Μαδρίτη (Greek), Madri (Brasilian Portuguese), Madrid (French, Italian, Spanish, European Portuguese, Romanian), Madridas (Lithuanian), Madrido (Esperanto), Madryt (Polish), Maidrid (Irish), Mecrit (Arabic), Madorīdo - マドリード
Mahilyow	Магілёў/ - Mahiloŭ (Belarusian), Mogilev (Russian), Mogilew or Mohylew (Polish), Molev - מאָלעװ (Yiddish), Movilău (Romanian), Moghilău (Romanian variant)
Mainz	Määnz (local dialect), Magonza (Italian), Maguncia (Spanish), Mainz (German, Romanian), Majnc (Serbian), Mayence (French), Mogúncia (Portuguese), Moguncja (Polish), Moguntiacum (Latin), Mohuč (Czech, Slovak), Meenz (former local dialect), Maienţa (old Romanian), Maghentía - Μαγεντία (Greek, along with the modern name)
Malbork	Malbork (Polish), Marienburg (German), Malborg (Romanian)
Manchester	Manceinion (Welsh), Mančestra (Latvian), Manĉestro (Esperanto), Mančesteris (Lithuanian), Manchain (Irish), Mancunium (Latin)
Monschau	Monschau (German), Montjoie (French)
Mantua	Mantoue (French), Mantova (Italian, Finnish, Czech, Romanian, Slovak), Mantua (Latin), Mântua (Portuguese)
Maribor	Marburg (German), Marburgo (Portuguese), Maribor (Romanian, Serbian, Slovene), Morpurgo (old Italian)
Mariehamn	Maarianhamina (Finnish), Mariehamn (Swedish)
Marktredwitz	Marktredwitz (German), Ředvice (Czech)
Marseille	Marseille (French), Marseilles (English variant), Marsel' - Марсель (Russian), Marselha (Occitan, Portuguese), Marselis (Lithuanian), Marselj (Serbian), Marseljo (Esperanto), Marsella (Spanish), Marsiglia (Italian), Marsilha (Provençal), Marsilia (Romanian), Marsīliyā (Arabic), Marsilya (Armenian, Turkish), Marsylia (Polish), Massalía - Μασσαλία (Greek)
Mechelen	Malinas (Spanish), Malines (Catalan, French, Romanian), Mechelen (Dutch), Mecheln (German), Mechlin (older English name)
Meißen	Meißen (German), Míšeň (Czech), Misnia (Italian), Miśnia (Polish), Meissen (Romanian)
Melk	Medlík (Czech), Melk (German), Mölk (former German)
Messina	Messíni - Μεσσίνη (Greek),Messina (Italian, Portuguese, Romanian), Messine (French), Messyna / Mesyna (Polish), Missina (Sicilian)
Metz	Divodurum (Latin), Mec - Мец (Bulgarian, Serbian, Russian), Mety (Czech), Metz (French, German, Italian, Portuguese, Romanian)
Międzybórz	Mezbizh - מעזביזש (Yiddish), Międzybórz (Polish)
Miercurea-Ciuc	Csíkszereda (Hungarian), Miercurea-Ciuc (Romanian), Szeklerburg (German)
Mikkeli	Mikkeli (Finnish), St. Michel (Swedish)
Mikulov	Mikulov (Czech), Nikolsburg (German)
Milan	Mailand (German), Mediolan (Polish), Mediólana (former Greek), Mediolānum (Latin), Milà (Catalan), Milaan (Dutch), Milán (Czech, Spanish), Milano (Croatian, Esperanto, Finnish, Italian, Romanian, Serbian, Slovene, Turkish), Miláno - Μιλάνο (Greek, Slovak), Milánó (Hungarian), Mīlānū (Arabic), Milão (Portuguese), Milanas (Lithuanian)
Minsk	Minsk - Мінск or Myensk - Менск (Belarusian), Minsk - Минск (Russian, Serbian), Minsk - מינסק (Yiddish), Mińsk (Polish), Mins'k - Мінськ (Ukrainian), Minsko (Esperanto), Minszk (Hungarian), Minskas (Lithuanian), Minsk (Romanian)
Miskolc	Miskolc (Hungarian), Miškolc (Serbian), Miškovec (Czech, Slovak), Miszkolc (Polish), Mişcolţ (Romanian)
Monaco	Monaco (Danish, Dutch, Estonian, Finnish, French, German, Hungarian, Italian, Romanian, Swedish, Welsh), Monacó (Irish), Mónaco (Portuguese, Spanish), Monakas (Lithuanian), Monako (Basque, Esperanto, Latvian, Polish, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, Turkish), Monakó - Μονακό (Greek), Mónakó (Icelandic), Monoecus (Latin), Munegu (Monegasque)
Mons	Bergen (Dutch), Berĥeno (Esperanto), Mons (French, Romanian), Mont (Walloon), Berg (Limburgish)
Montbéliard	Mömpelgard (German), Montbéliard (French)
Moscow	Maskava (Latvian), Масква/Maskva (Belarusian), Mosca (Italian), Moscó (Irish), Moscou (French, Brazilian Portuguese), Moscova (Romanian), Moscovo (Portuguese), Moscú (Spanish), Moskau (German), Móskha - Μόσχα (Greek), Moskou (Dutch), Moskova (Finnish, Turkish), Moskva (Armenian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Estonian, Hebrew, Norwegian, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, Swedish, Ukrainian), Moskve - מאָסקװע (Yiddish), Moskvo (Esperanto), Moskwa (Bahasa Indonesia, Polish), Moszkva (Hungarian), Mūskū (Arabic), Mos(u)kuwa - モスクワ (Japanese)
Mosonmagyaróvár	Mosonmagyaróvár (Hungarian), Wieselburg-Ungarisch Altenburg (German)
Motovun	Motovun (Croatian, Serbian), Montona (Italian)
Mstsislav	Mstsislav (Belarusian), Mstislavlis (Lithuanian), Mścisław (Polish)
Mukacheve	Mucacevo (Romanian), Mukačevo (Czech, Slovak), Mukacheve - Мyкaчeвe (Ukrainian), Mukachevo - Мyкaчeвo (Russian, Serbian), Mukachiv - Мyкaчiв (Ruthenian), Mukaczewo (Polish), Minkatsh - מינקאַטש (Yiddish), Muncaci (Romanian variant), Munkács (Hungarian), Munkatsch (German)
Mulhouse	Milhüse or Milhüsa (Alsatian), Mülhausen (German), Mulhouse (French), Mylhúzy (Czech), Miluza (Polish)
Munich	Minhen (Serbian), Minkhn - מינכן (Yiddish); Miunchenas (Lithuanian), Miyūnikh (Arabic), Мюнхен/Myunkhen (Bulgarian, Russian, Ukrainian), Mnichov (Czech), Mníchov (Slovak), Monachium (Polish), Monaco di Baviera (Italian), Mónakho - Μόναχο (Greek), Monakovo (old Slovene), München (Dutch, Estonian, Finnish, German, Hungarian, Romanian, Low Saxon, modern Slovene, Swedish), Munĥeno or Munkeno (Esperanto), Múnich (Spanish), Münih (Turkish), Munique (Portuguese), Mûnik (Walloon), Munikh (Armenian)
Münster	Münster (German), Meuster (Walloon)
Murmansk	Moermansk (Dutch), Mourmansk (French), Murmansk - Мурманск (Russian, Serbian), Murmansko (Esperanto), Muurmanni or Muurmanski (former Finnish), Muurmansk (Finnish, can also be Murmansk); Romanov-on-Murman (former name), Murmanskas (Lithuanian), Murmańsk (Polish)

N

English Name	Other names or former names
Namur	Namur (French, Romanian), Namen (Dutch), Nameur (Walloon)
Nancy	Nancy (French, Romanian), Nanzig (German), Nanzeg (Luxembourgish)
Naples	Nābūlī (Arabic), Napels (Dutch), Nápoles (Portuguese, Spanish), Napoli (Italian, Finnish, Romanian, Turkish), Napolo (Esperanto), Nàpols (Catalan), Nápoly (Hungarian), Napulj (Croatian, Serbian), Neapel (German), Neapelj (Slovene), Neapolis (Latin, Lithuanian), Neapol (Czech, Polish, Slovak), Neapol' (Russian, Ukrainian), Neapole (former Romanian), Nápoli - Νάπολη (modern Greek), Neápolis - Νεάπολις (ancient Greek)
Narbonne	Narbo or Narbo Martius (Latin), Narbona (Italian, Occitan, Spanish), Narbonne (French, Romanian)
Navahradak	Naugardukas (Lithuanian), Наваградак/Navahradak (Belarusian), Nowogródek (Polish), Novogrudok (Russian)
Neuchâtel	Neuchâtel (French, Romanian), Neuenburg (German)
Newcastle upon Tyne	An Caisleán Nua (Irish) Nova Castra (Latin)
Newport, Monmouthshire	Casnewydd (Welsh)
Newport, Pembrokeshire	Trefdraeth (Welsh)
Nice	Niça (Catalan, Occitan), Nicea (Polish), Níkea - Νίκαια (Greek), Nis (Turkish), Nisa (Romanian), Nissa (Provençal), Niza (Spanish), Nizza (Italian, Finnish, German, Hungarian), Nica (Lithuanian, Serbian)
Nicosia	Lefkoşe (Turkish), Lefkosía - Λευκωσία (Greek), Nicosia (Hungarian, Italian, Romanian, Spanish), Nicósia (Portuguese), Nicosie (French), Nikosia / Lefkosia (Finnish), Nikosia (German), Nikosija (Russian, Ukrainian), Nikosio (Esperanto), Nikozija (Serbian), Nikozja (Polish), Nīqūsiyā (Arabic), Nikozija (Lithuanian)
Nijmegen	Nijmegen (Dutch), Nimega (Italian, Spanish), Nimègue (French, Romanian), Nimwegen (German), Nîmegue (Walloon), Batavodurum, Noviomagum (Latin), Nimwege (local dialect, possible Limburgs), Nijmege (common Limburgs)
Nizhny Novgorod	Nijni-Novgorod (French, Romanian), Nischnij Nowgorod (German), Nizhni Novgorod (Finnish, Serbian), Nižnij Novgorod - Нижний Новгород (Russian), Nižný Novgorod (Slovak), Nowogród (Polish); Gorky (former name 1932-1990), Nižny Novgordas (Lithuanian)
Novi Sad	Neusatz (German), Novi Sad - Нови Сад (Serbian), Nový Sad (Slovak), Újvidék (Hungarian), Novi Sadas (Lithuanian), Novi Sad (Romanian)
Nowy Sącz	Neu-Sandez (German), Nowy Sącz (Polish), Sandz - סאַנדז (Yiddish)
Nuremberg	Neurenberg (Dutch), Niremvéryi - Νυρεμβέργη (Greek), Nirnberg (Serbian), Norimberg (Slovene), Norimberga (Italian), Norimberk (Czech), Nörnberg (Low Saxon), Norymberga (Polish), Núremberg (Spanish), Nuremberga (Portuguese), Nürnberg (Estonian, Finnish, German, Hungarian), Nürenberg (Romanian), Niurnbergas (Lithuanian), Näöreberg (Limburgish)

O

English Name	Other names or former names
Óbuda (now part of Budapest)	Altofen (German), Óbuda (Hungarian), Starý Budín (Czech), Buda (Polish), Buda (Veche) (Romanian)
Odessa	Ades - אַדעס (Yiddish), Hacıbey (Turkish), Одеса/Odesa (Ukrainian, Serbian), Odessa (Russian, Polish), Odesa (Romanian), Odhissós - Οδησσός (Greek)
Ohrid	Охрид (Macedonian, Bulgarian,Serbian), Ohrídha - Οχρίδα (Greek), Ohër (Albanian), Ochryda (Polish)
Oldenburg	Oldemburgo (Italian, Portuguese, Spanish), Oldenburg (German), Starogard (Polish, Serbian)
Olomouc	Olmütz (German), Olomóc or Holomóc (Czech - Hanakian dialect), Olomouc (Czech), Olomuncium, Iuliomontium or Olomucii (Latin), Ołomuniec (Polish)
Olsztyn	Allenstein (German), Olsztyn (Polish), Olštinas (Lithuanian)
Opava	Opava (Czech), Opavia (Latin), Opawa (Polish), Troppau (German)
Opole	Opole (Polish), Opolí (Czech), Oppeln (German)
Oporto	Burtuqāl (Arabic), Oporto (Italian, Spanish), Porto (Czech, Esperanto, French, German, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Serbian), Portas (Lithuanian), Portus Cale (Latin)
Oradea	Gran Varadino (Italian), Großwardein (German), Magno-Varadinum (Latin variant), Nagyvárad (Hungarian), Oradea (Romanian, Polish), Oradea-Mare (former Romanian), Varadinum (Latin), Varat (Turkish)
Oranienburg	Bocov (Czech), Bötzow (former German), Oranienburg (German)
Oslo	Asloa (Latin), Oslo (Bahasa Indonesia, Danish, Dutch, Esperanto, Estonian, Finnish, French, German, Italian, Norwegian, Polish, Romanian, Serbian, Spanish, Swedish), Osló (Irish), Ósló (Icelandic), Ūslū (Arabic), Oslas (Lithuanian), Christiania (former Dano-Norwegian name 1624-1925), Kristiania (late version of former name)
Osnabrück	Osnabrück (German), Osnabrugge (Dutch), Osnabruque (Portuguese)
Ostend	Oostende (Dutch/Flemish), Ostenda (Italian, Polish), Ostende (Czech, French, German, Portuguese, Romanian, Serbian), Ostendo (Esperanto), Ostendė (Lithuanian), Ostinde (Walloon)
Oświęcim	Auschwitz (German, Romanian), Osvětim (Czech), Osvienčim (Slovak), Oświęcim (Polish)
Oulu	Oulu (Estonian, Finnish, Polish), Uleåborg (Swedish)
Oxford	Oksfordo (Esperanto), Oxonia (Latin), Rhydychen (Welsh), Oksfordas (Lithuanian), Oksford (Polish, Serbian), Oksfórdhi - Οξφόρδη (Greek), Okkus(u)fōdo - オックスフォード (Japanese)

P

English Name	Other names or former names
Padua	Padoue (French), Padova (Italian, Finnish, Romanian, Croatian, Czech, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene), Pádua (Portuguese), Padwa (Polish)
Palermo	Palerme (French), Palermo (Italian, Finnish, Polish, Portuguese, Serbian, Romanian), Palermas (Lithuanian), Panormos - Πάνορμος (Greek)
Pamplona	Banbalūna (Arabic), Iruña (Basque), Pamplona (Catalan, Italian, Portuguese, Romanian, Serbian, Spanish), Pampelune (French), Pampaluna / Lunapampa (Old Provençal), Pampeluna (Polish)
Panoší Újezd	Panujzd (Arabic), Ujezd (French)
Paris	Bārīs (Arabic), Páras (Irish), Parigi (Italian), Pariis (Estonian), Pariisi (Finnish), Parijs (Dutch), Paräis (Luxembourgish), París (Catalan, Spanish), Paris (French, Norwegian, Portuguese, Romanian) Parísi - Παρίσι (Greek), Париж/Pariž (Bulgarian, Russian), Pariz (Croatian, Slovene), Pariz - Париз (Serbian), Pariz - פּאַריז (Yiddish), Paříž (Czech), Paríž (Slovak), Parīze (Latvian), Parizo (Esperanto), Párizs (Hungarian), Paryż (Polish), Париж/Paryzh (Ukrainian), Paryžius (Lithuanian), Lutetia (Latin), Paries (Limburgish), Pari - パリ (Japanese)
Parma	Parme (French), Parma (Italian, Latin, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Serbian, Spanish)
Pärnu	Parnawa (Polish), Pärnu (Estonian, Portuguese), Pernau (German), Piarnu (Lithuanian)
Passau	Batavia (Latin), Pasawa (Polish), Pasov (Czech), Passau (German), Passovia (Italian)
Pazin	Pisino (Italian), Pazin (Croatian, Serbian)
Pécs	Beci (old Romanian), Pětikostelí (Czech), Pečuh (Croatian), Fünfkirchen (German), Päťkostolie (Slovak), Pecz (Polish) Quinqueecclesiae (Latin)
Peenemünde	Peenemünde (German), Pianoujście (Polish)
Perpignan	Perpignan (Brazilian Portuguese, French, Romanian), Perpignano (Italian), Perpiñán (Spanish), Perpinhan (Occitan), Perpinhão (Portuguese), Perpinjan (Serbian), Perpinyà (Catalan)
Perugia	Pérouse (French), Perugia (Italian, Romanian), Perusa (Spanish)
Petroskoy	Petrozavodsk (Russian), Petroskoi (Finnish), Äänislinna (former Finnish), Petrozavodskas (Lithuanian)
Piacenza	Piacenza (Italian), Pjaćenca (Serbian), Plaisance (French), Plasencia (Spanish), Piacenţa (Romanian)
Piła	Piła (Polish), Schneidemühl (German)
Piotrków Trybunalski	Petrikau (German), Petrikev - פּעטריקעװ (Yiddish), Petrokov (Russian), Piotrków Trybunalski (Polish)
Piran	Piran (Serbian, Slovene, Croatian), Pirano (Italian), Pyrrhanum (Latin)
Plauen	Plauen (German, Polish), Plavno (Czech)
Pleven	Pleven (Bulgarian, Serbian), Plevna (Romanian, Russian), Plevno (Czech), Plewen (Polish)
Plovdiv	Filippopoli (Italian), Philipúpoli - Φιλιππούπολη (Greek), Plovdiv (Bulgarian, Serbian, Portuguese), Płowdiw (Polish), Pulpudeva (Thracian, former name), Evmolpias (Thracian, former name), Trimontium (Roman, former name), Filibe (Turkish, former name), Paldin (Slav, former name)
Plymouth	Pleimuiden (Dutch), Plimuto (Esperanto)
Plzeň	Pilsen (English, German, Italian, Portuguese, former Romanian), Pilzno (Polish), Plzeň (Czech, Romanian)
Podgorica	Titograd (former name), Ribnica (former name), Podgorica (Portuguese)
Polatsk	Полацак/Połacak / Polatsak, Полацк/Połack / Polatsk (Belarusian), Połock (Polish), Полоцк, also transliterated as Polotsk, Polotzk, Polock (Russian), Poloţk (Romanian)
Pompeii	Pompei (Italian, Romanian), Pompéia (Portuguese), Pompeji (German, Slovene), Pompeya (Spanish), Pompeja (Serbian), Pompeje (Polish, Czech), Pompiía - Πομπηία (Greek), Pompeiji (Finnish), Pompėja (Lithuanian), Pompeji, (Danish)
Porec	Parenzo (Italian), Poreč (Croatian, Serbian, Slovene)
Pori	Björneborg (Swedish), Pori (Finnish, Portuguese)
Portorož	Portorose (Italian), Portorož (Serbian, Slovene)
Porvoo	Borgå (Swedish), Porvoo (Estonian, Finnish, Portuguese), Borgoa (Latin)
Potsdam	Podstupim (Lower Sorbian), Postupim (Czech, Slovak), Potsdam (German, Italian, Portuguese, Romanian), Poczdam (Polish), Potsdamas (Lithuanian)
Poznań	Posen (German), Posnania (Latin), Posnanie (French), Poyzn - פּױזן (Yiddish), Poznań (Polish), Poznanė (Lithuanian), Poznaň (Czech), Poznan (Portuguese, Serbian, Romanian)
Prague	Birāġ (Arabic), Praha (Czech, Estonian, Finnish, Norwegian, Slovak, Ukrainian, Lithuanian), Praag (Dutch), Prag (Croatian, Danish, German, Serbian, Swedish, Turkish), Prág (Irish), Prága - Πράγα (Greek, Hungarian), Praga (Bulgarian, Catalan, Italian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Slovene, Spanish), Prago (Esperanto), Prog - פּראָג (Yiddish), Puraha - プラハ (Japanese)
Pravdinsk	Friedland (German), Pravdinsk (Russian), Romuva (Lithuanian)
Priozersk	Kexholm / Keksholm (Swedish), Käkisalmi (Finnish), Korela (alternative Finnish name)
Priština	Prishtinë (Albanian), Priština - Приштина (Serbian), Priştina (Romanian, Turkish), Prisztina (Polish), Pristina (Portuguese), Pristino (Esperanto), Priština (Lithuanian, Slovene), Prístina - Πρίστινα (Greek)
Pruszcz Gdański	Praust (German), Pruszcz Gdański (Polish)
Przemyśl	Peremyshl (Russian), Premisl - פּרעמיסל (Yiddish), Przemyśl (Polish, Romanian), Peremisla (old Romanian)
Pskov	Pihkova (Finnish), Pihkva (Estonian), Pleskau (German), Pleskava (Latvian), Pskov (Romanian, Russian), Pskovas (Lithuanian), Psków (Polish)
Pula	Pola (Italian), Póla (Hungarian), Pula (Croatian,