PGA Tour
From Freepedia
The PGA Tour is an organization that is headquartered in Ponte Vedra Beach, Florida, USA. It operates the USA's main men's professional golf tours. Its name is officially rendered in all caps as “PGA TOUR” by the organization itself.
The PGA Tour should be distinguished from a number of other golf organizations. Since 1968, it has been completely separate from the Professional Golfers' Association of America (“PGA of America”), which is now primarily an association of club professionals. (Prior to 1968, it was the PGA of America's tournament players division.) The PGA of America, not the PGA Tour, runs the PGA Championship and the Senior PGA Championship and co-organizes the Ryder Cup with the PGA European Tour. The PGA Tour does not run the women's tours in the United States, which are controlled by the independent LPGA. The governing body of golf in the United States is the United States Golf Association.
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Tours operated by the PGA Tour
The PGA Tour operates the following tours, which operate mostly in the USA with occasional events in Canada, and one major championship in the United Kingdom in each of the first two listed:
- PGA TOUR, the top tour
- Champions Tour, for golfers 50 and over
- Nationwide Tour, a second-level tour
The PGA Tour also conducts an annual Qualifying School (known colloquially as Q school), a six-round tournament held each fall; the top 30 finishers, including ties, receive privileges to play on the following year's PGA Tour. Other upper-level finishers receive privileges on the Nationwide Tour.
The top 20 money-winners on the Nationwide Tour also receive privileges on the following year's PGA Tour. A golfer who wins three events on that tour in a calendar year earns what is called a "battlefield promotion" which garners PGA Tour privileges for the remainder of the year, and the following year.
At the end of each year, the top 125 money-winners on the PGA Tour receive a tour card for the following season, which gives them exemption from qualifying for most of the next year's tournaments. However at some events, known as invitationals, exemptions only apply to the previous year's top seventy players. Players who are ranked between 126-150 receive a conditional tour card, which gives them priority for places that are not taken up by players with full cards.
Winning a PGA Tour event provides a tour card for a minimum of two years. Winning a World Golf Championships event provides a three-year exemption. Winners of the major championships earn a five-year exemption. Other types of exemption include lifetime exemptions for players with twenty wins on the tour; one-time one year exemptions for players in the top fifty on the career money list who are not otherwise exempt; and medical exemptions for players who have been injured, which give them an opportunity to regain their tour card after a period out of the tour.
There is no rule limiting PGA Tour players to men only. In 2003, two women, Annika Sörenstam and Suzy Whaley, played in PGA TOUR events; in 2004 and 2005, Michelle Wie did the same. None of the three made the cut, although Wie missed only by one stroke in 2004.
The PGA Tour places a strong emphasis on charity fundraising, usually on behalf of local charities in cities where events are staged. In 2005, it started a campaign to push its all-time fundraising tally past one billion dollars and it expects to reach that milestone in 2006.
Note also that there is a PGA European Tour, which is totally separate from either the PGA Tour or the PGA of America; this organization runs a tour, mostly in Europe but with events throughout the world outside of North America, that is second only to the PGA Tour in worldwide prestige. There are several other regional tours around the world; click here for details.
The structure of the PGA Tour season
Outline of the season
The table below illustrates the structure of the PGA TOUR season. The events shown are for 2005, but there are only minor variations in the overall pattern from one year to the next. Tournaments sometimes change venue, and quite often change name, especially when they get a new sponsor, but the principal events have fixed and traditional places in the schedule, and this determines the rhythm of the season. The PGA Tour's year begins with the Mercedes Championships, whose field is limited to tournament winners from the previous year.
Three of the four majors take place in eight weeks between June and August. This threatens to make the last two and a half months of the season anti-climactic, as some of the very top players compete less from this point on. Interest is sustained by the following factors:
- The race to top the money list. However, quite often this is clinched well before the end of the season.
- The race to finish in the top 30 of the money list, so as to qualify for the lucrative and prestigious finale to the season, the Tour Championship, whose winner earns a three-year exemption.
- The scramble of the less successful members of the tour to make the top 125, in order to retain their Tour card for the following season. Players who are on the margins of the top 125 often play every week at this time of year.
- The last several events are known collectively as the "Fall Finish". Points are awarded for top ten places in these events and the player who accumulates most points receives additional prize money.
There are 48 events in 44 weeks, including one team event with no prize money, so there are 47 events with prize money. Most members of the tour play between 20 and 30 tournaments in the season. The geography of the tour is determined by the weather. It starts in Hawaii in January, spends most of its first two months in California and Arizona, then moves to Florida. In April it begins to drift north. The summer months are spent mainly in the Northeast and the Midwest, and in the fall the tour heads south again.
As of 2005 there is speculation that the Tour is looking to make significant changes to its schedule. These might include moving The Players Championship to May so as to have a marquee event in five consecutive months, and possibly reducing the total number of events in order to increase the number of events with top quality fields. Any such changes will not take place before 2007 and no announcement is expected before negotiations on new television deals in Fall 2005 at the earliest.
Schedule
The status designations shown in the table are explained in the next subsection. The weekly numbers are those used by the Official World Golf Rankings, which apply to events on all the main men's golf tours.
Categories of event on the PGA Tour
- Majors: The four leading annual events in world golf. See: Majors. The British Open is the only PGA TOUR event played outside of the United States and Canada.
- World Golf Championships: A set of events co-sanctioned by the PGA European Tour which attract the leading golfers from all over the world, including those who are not members of the PGA TOUR. See: World Golf Championships.
- Special: The "special" status of the Players Championship is based on the fact that it is the only event apart from the majors and the World Golf Championships which attracts entries from almost all of the World's elite golfers. Official recognition is given to its unique position in the sport by the Official World Golf Rankings, which allocate it a fixed number of points (which is 20% less than for a major), whereas the number of points allocated to "regular" events is dependent on the rankings of the players who enter each year, and is only determined once the entry list is finalized. It is increasingly referred to by the media as the "Fifth major". There is talk of making The Players Championship and official major.
- Small field: The season starts and finishes with two elite events for fields which are about 30-strong instead of the usual 150 or so.
- Team: A United States team of 12 elite players competes in the Ryder Cup and the Presidents Cup in alternate years. The Ryder Cup is arguably the highest profile event in golf, outranking the majors. The Presidents Cup is less well established, but is still the main event of the week when it is played. There is no prize money in these events, so they are irrelevant to the money list.
- Regular: Routine weekly tour events. The "regular" events do vary in status, but the table does not indicate which of them are more prestigious because this is a subjective matter. The relative status of the events is not based on the size of the prize fund to a very large degree, as this doesn't vary much. Some of the other factors which determine the status of a tournament are:
- Its position in the schedule, which influences the number of leading players that choose to enter.
- Its age and the distinction of its past champions.
- The repute of the course on which it is played.
- Any associations with "legends of golf". Four events in particular have such associations:
- The EDS Byron Nelson Championship, the only current event named after a golfer (Byron Nelson).
- The Bank of America Colonial, closely identified with Ben Hogan.
- The Bay Hill Invitational, closely identified with Arnold Palmer, and played at a resort he owns.
- The Memorial Tournament, founded by Jack Nicklaus, played on a course he designed, and annually honoring a selected "legend".
- Secondary: Events which are played in the same week as a higher status tournament and therefore have weakened fields and reduced prize money. They are often considered an opportunity for players on the bubble (near or below 125th or 150th) in the money list to move up more easily or to attempt an easier two-year exemption for winning a tournament.
There are also a number of events which are recognized by the PGA TOUR, but which do not count towards the official money list. Most of these take place in off season in November and December. This slate of unofficial events (which includes the PGA Grand Slam of Golf, the Wendy's 3-Tour Challenge, the Franklin Templeton Shootout, the Skins Game, etc.) is referred to as the "Challenge Season."
Leading money winners by year
- 1934 : Paul Runyan - $6,767
- 1935 : Johnny Revolta - $9,543
- 1936 : Horton Smith - $7,682
- 1937 : Harry Cooper - $14,139
- 1938 : Sam Snead - $19,534
- 1939 : Henry Picard - $10,303
- 1940 : Ben Hogan - $10,655
- 1941 : Ben Hogan - $18,358
- 1942 : Ben Hogan - $13,143
- 1943 : No records kept
- 1944 : Byron Nelson - $37,968
- 1945 : Byron Nelson - $63,336
- 1946 : Ben Hogan - $42,556
- 1947 : Jimmy Demaret - $27,937
- 1948 : Ben Hogan - $32,112
- 1949 : Sam Snead - $31,594
- 1950 : Sam Snead - $35,759
- 1951 : Lloyd Mangrum - $26,089
- 1952 : Julius Boros - $37,033
- 1953 : Lew Worsham - $34,002
- 1954 : Bob Toski - $65,820
- 1955 : Julius Boros - $63,122
- 1956 : Ted Kroll - $ 72,836
- 1957 : Dick Mayer - $65,835
- 1958 : Arnold Palmer - $42,608
- 1959 : Art Wall, Jr. - $53,168
- 1960 : Arnold Palmer - $75,263
- 1961 : Gary Player - $64,540
- 1962 : Arnold Palmer - $81,448
- 1963 : Arnold Palmer - $128,230
- 1964 : Jack Nicklaus - $113,285
- 1965 : Jack Nicklaus - $140,752
- 1966 : Billy Casper - $121,945
- 1967 : Jack Nicklaus - $188,998
- 1968 : Billy Casper - $205,169
- 1969 : Frank Beard - $164,707
- 1970 : Lee Trevino - $157,037
- 1971 : Jack Nicklaus - $244,491
- 1972 : Jack Nicklaus - $320,542
- 1973 : Jack Nicklaus - $308,362
- 1974 : Johnny Miller - $353,022
- 1975 : Jack Nicklaus - $298,149
- 1976 : Jack Nicklaus - $266,439
- 1977 : Tom Watson - $310,653
- 1978 : Tom Watson - $362,429
- 1979 : Tom Watson - $462,636
- 1980 : Tom Watson - $530,808
- 1981 : Tom Kite - $375,699
- 1982 : Craig Stadler - $446,462
- 1983 : Hal Sutton - $426,668
- 1984 : Tom Watson - $476,260
- 1985 : Curtis Strange - $542,321
- 1986 : Greg Norman - $653,296
- 1987 : Curtis Strange - $925,941
- 1988 : Curtis Strange - $1,147,644
- 1989 : Tom Kite - $1,395,278
- 1990 : Greg Norman - $1,165,477
- 1991 : Corey Pavin - $979,430
- 1992 : Fred Couples - $1,344,188
- 1993 : Nick Price - $1,478,557
- 1994 : Nick Price - $1,499,927
- 1995 : Greg Norman - $1,654,959
- 1996 : Tom Lehman - $1,780,159
- 1997 : Tiger Woods - $2,066,833
- 1998 : David Duval - $2,591,031
- 1999 : Tiger Woods - $6,616,585
- 2000 : Tiger Woods - $9,188,321
- 2001 : Tiger Woods - $5,687,777
- 2002 : Tiger Woods - $6,912,625
- 2003 : Vijay Singh - $7,573,907
- 2004 : Vijay Singh - $10,905,166
Leading career money winners
The table shows the top ten career money leaders on the PGA Tour as of 12 October 2005. Due to increases in prize funds over the years it consists entirely of current players. The figures are not the players' complete career earnings as most of them have earned millions more on other tours or from other unofficial events. In addition, elite golfers often earn several times as much from endorsements and golf related business interests as they do from prize money.
| Position | Player | Country | Prize Money ($) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | Tiger Woods | United States | 55,055,760 |
| 2. | Vijay Singh | Fiji | 44,493,591 |
| 3. | Phil Mickelson | United States | 35,257,533 |
| 4. | Davis Love III | United States | 31,419,634 |
| 5. | Ernie Els | South Africa | 26,094,175 |
| 6. | Jim Furyk | United States | 23,396,151 |
| 7. | David Toms | United States | 22,786,628 |
| 8. | Nick Price | Zimbabwe | 20,317,580 |
| 9. | Justin Leonard | United States | 20,190,273 |
| 10. | Kenny Perry | United States | 19,392,833 |
There is a full list on the PGA Tour's website here.
