Scorpius

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For other uses, see Scorpius (disambiguation).

Scorpius
Image:Scorpius constellation map.png click for larger image
Abbreviation	Sco
Genitive	Scorpii
Symbology	the Scorpion
Right ascension	17 h
Declination	−40°
Area	497 sq. deg. Ranked 33rd
Number of stars (magnitude < 3)	9
Brightest star	Antares (α Sco) (App. magnitude 0.96)
Meteor showers	Alpha Scorpiids Omega Scorpiids
Bordering constellations	Sagittarius Ophiuchus Libra Lupus Norma Ara Corona Australis
Visible at latitudes between +40° and −90° Best visible at 21:00 (9 p.m.) during the month of July

Scorpius (Image:Scorpio symbol.png, and Latin for scorpion) is one of the constellations of the zodiac. In western astrology it is known as "Scorpio". It lies between Libra to the west and Sagittarius to the east. It is a large constellation located in the southern hemisphere near the center of the Milky Way.

1 Notable features
2 Notable deep sky objects
3 Mythology
- 3.1 Astrology
4 Notable and named stars
5 See also
6 External links

Notable features

Scorpius contains many bright stars, including Antares (α Sco), β¹ Sco (Graffias), δ Sco (Dschubba), θ Sco (Sargas), λ Sco (Shaula), ν Sco (Jabbah), ξ Sco (Grafias), σ Sco (Alniyat), τ Sco (also known as Alniyat) and υ Sco (Lesath).

The star once designated γ Sco (despite being well within the boundaries of Libra) is today known as σ Lib.

Notable deep sky objects

Due to its location on the Milky Way, this constellation contains many deep sky objects such as the open clusters M6 (the Butterfly Cluster) and M7 (the Ptolemy Cluster), and the globular clusters M4 and M80.

Mythology

Scorpio resembles, quite noticeably, a scorpion's tail, and a vague body [1]. According to Greek mythology, it corresponds to the scorpion which was sent by Gaia (or possibly the goddess Hera) to kill the hunter Orion, the scorpion rising out of the ground at the goddess' command to attack. Although the scorpion and Orion appear together in this myth, the constellation of Orion is almost opposite to Scorpius in the night sky. It has been suggested that this was a divine precaution to forestall the heavenly continuation of the feud.

In many versions, however, Apollo sent the scorpion after Orion, having grown jealous of Artemis' attentions to the man. Later, to apologize for killing her friend, Apollo then helped Artemis hang Orion's image in the night sky. However, the scorpion was also placed up there, and every time it appears on the horizon, Orion starts to sink into the other side of the sky, still running from the attacker.

Scorpius also appears in one version of the fable of Phaethon (the roman version of a greek myth were orignally, Helio's, the sun's, mortal son asked to drive the chariot), a foolish mortal who obtained permission to drive the Apollo's sun-chariot for a day. The horses, already out of control in their sky journey became scared when they encountered the great celestial scorpion with its sting raised to strike, and the inexperienced boy lost control of the chariot, as the sun wildly went about the sky (this is said to have formed the constellation Eridanus). Finally, Jupiter struck him down with a thunderbolt to stop the rampage.

The Chinese included these stars in the Azure Dragon, a powerful but benevolent creature whose rising heralded spring.

Astrology

The Western astrological sign Scorpio of the tropical zodiac (October 23 - November 21) differs from the astronomical constellation and the Hindu astrological sign of the sidereal zodiac (November 23 - November 29).

In some cosmologies, Scorpio is associated with the classical element Water, and thus called a Water Sign (with Cancer and Pisces). It is also one of the four Fixed signs (along with Taurus, Leo, and Aquarius). Its polar opposite is Taurus. It is the domicile of Mars (since its discovery, Pluto has been considered Scorpio's ruling or co-ruling planet by many modern astrologers). Each astrological sign is assigned a part of the body, viewed as the seat of its power. Scorpio rules the genitals. The symbols for Scorpio are the scorpion, the eagle, serpent and the phoenix.

Notable and named stars

BD	F	Star Names and other designations	Mag.	Ly away	Comments
α	21	Antares, Alpha Scorpii, Cor Scorpii, Kalb al Akrab, Vespertilo	1.06	604	< ανταρης [holds] against Ares/Mars < cor scorpii The heart of the scorpion < قلب العقرب qalb[u] al-^{c^aqrab} The heart of the scorpion < vespertīlio The bat
λ	35	Lambda Scorpii, Shaula	1.62	703	< الشولاء aš-šawlā´ The raised [tail]
θ		Theta Scorpii, Sargas	1.86	272	< Babylonian or Assyrian via archaeologists.
δ	7	Delta Scorpii, Dschubba, Al Jabba, Iclarkrau	2.29	402	< الجبهة al-jabha[h] The forehead < iklil al-^caqrab The crown of the scorpion
ε	26	Epsilon Scorpii, Wei	2.29	65.4
κ		Kappa Scorpii, Girtab	2.39	464
β^1,2	8	Beta Scorpii, Acrab, Elacrab, Graffias, Grafias, Grassias	2.56	530	name Graffias/Grafias/Grassias was formerly applied to ξ Scorpii < العقرب al-^{c^aqrab} The scorpion
υ	34	Upsilon Scorpii, Lesath, Lesuth	2.70	519	< اللسعة al-las^{c^a[h]} [The] sting
τ	23	Tau Scorpii, Alniyat, Al Niyat	2.82	430	< النياط an-niyāţ The arteries
π	6	Pi Scorpii	2.89	459
σ	20	Sigma Scorpii, Alniyat, Al Niyat	2.90	735	< النياط an-niyāţ The arteries Alpha2 Canum Venaticorum type variable star
ι¹		Iota-1 Scorpii	2.99	1800
μ¹		Mu-1 Scorpii	3.00	822	Eclipsing binary
G		G Scorpii	3.19	127
η		Eta Scorpii	3.32	71.6
μ²		Mu-2 Scorpii	3.56	517
ρ	5	Rho Scorpii	3.87	409
ω¹	9	Omega-1 Scorpii, Jabhat al Akrab	3.93	424	< جبهة العقرب jabhat[u] al-^{c^aqrab} [The] forehead of the scorpion
ν	14	Nu Scorpii, Jabbah, Jabah, Lesath	4.00	437	< جبهة jabhah forehead five star system
ξ		Xi Scorpii	4.16	92.5	formerly called Graffias/Grafias/Grassias. This is now applied to β Scorpii six star system
H		H Scorpii	4.18
N		N Scorpii	4.24
Q		Q Scorpii	4.26
ω²	10	Omega-2 Scorpii, Jabhat al Akrab	4.31	265	< جبهة العقرب jabhat[u] al-^{c^aqrab} [The] forehead of the scorpion
ο	19	Omicron Scorpii	4.55	1200
c²	13	13 Scorpii	4.58
A	2	2 Scorpii	4.59
b	1	1 Scorpii	4.63
i	22	22 Scorpii	4.70
ι²		Iota-2 Scorpii	4.78	3700
d		d Scorpii	4.80
k		k Scorpii	4.83
	24	24 Scorpii	4.91
ψ	15	Psi Scorpii	4.93	165
χ	17	Chi Scorpii	5.24	439
		HD 147513	5.38	41.96	has a planet
	16	16 Scorpii	5.43
	27	27 Scorpii	5.48
	18	18 Scorpii	5.49	45.7	solar twin
	4	4 Scorpii	5.63
c¹	12	12 Scorpii	5.67
	11	11 Scorpii	5.75
	3	3 Scorpii	5.87
	25	25 Scorpii	6.72
		Scorpius X-1	12.2	9000	X-ray binary
		PSR B1620-26		5600	pulsar/white dwarf binary in M4 has a planet
γ		Gamma Scorpii			now designated σ Librae

Source: The Bright Star Catalogue, 5th Revised Ed., The Hipparcos Catalogue, ESA SP-1200

The 88 modern Constellations

External links

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Categories: Astrological signs | Scorpius constellation

Scorpius

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Contents

Notable features

Notable deep sky objects

Mythology

Astrology

Notable and named stars

See also

External links

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