Second-order cybernetics

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Second-order cybernetics investigates the construction of models of cybernetic systems. It investigates cybernetics with awareness that the investigators are part of the system, and of the importance of self-referentiality, self-organizing, etc.

See, for example:

Edit	General subfields and scientists in Cybernetics
K1	Ergodic theory, Polycontexturality, Second order cybernetics
K2	Catastrophe theory, Connectionism, Control theory, Decision theory, Game theory, Information theory, Semiotics, Synergetics, Systems theory
K3	Biological cybernetics, Biomedical cybernetics, Biorobotics, Computational neuroscience, Homeostasis, Medical cybernetics, Neuro cybernetics, Sociocybernetics
Cyberneticians	William Ross Ashby, Claude Bernard, Valentin Braitenberg, Ludwig von Bertalanffy, George S. Chandy, Joseph J. DiStefano III, Heinz von Foerster, Charles François, Jay Forrester, Ernst von Glasersfeld, Francis Heylighen, Erich von Holst, Stuart Kauffman, Niklas Luhmann, Warren McCulloch, Humberto Maturana, Horst Mittelstaedt, Talcott Parsons, Walter Pitts, Alfred Radcliffe-Brown, Robert Trappl, Valentin Turchin, Francisco Varela, Frederic Vester, John N. Warfield, Kevin Warwick, Norbert Wiener