Stockholm Metro

From Freepedia

Public transport in Stockholm
Railbound Stockholm Metro Arlanda Express Regional/suburban rail Commuter rail Roslagsbanan Saltsjöbanan Light rail Tvärbanan Nockebybanan Lidingöbanan Tram Djurgården line
Public transport responsible Storstockholms Lokaltrafik Waxholmsbolaget

Image:Stockholm subway hotorget 20050808 001.jpg

Image:Stockholm subway radhuset 20050808 002.jpg

Image:Stockholm Tunnelbana Kungstradsgarden.jpg

Image:Stockholm subway system map.jpg

The Stockholm Metro, or Stockholms tunnelbana, is the metro system in Stockholm, Sweden. The system has three main lines and one hundred stations, 47 of which are subterranean and 53 are surface stations.

The first part of the metro, was opened in 1950, part of the Green line. The Red line was introduced in 1964, and the Blue line in 1974. The coverage has been growing since the start, with the latest addition done to the Green line in 1994.

Stockholm's metro is well known for its decoration; it has been called the longest art exhibit in the world. Several of the stations (especially on the Blue line) are left with the bedrock exposed, crude and unfinished, or as part of the decorations. At the Rissne station, an informative wall fresque about the history of Earth's civilizations runs all along both sides of the platform.

The metro system is owned by the Stockholm County Council, which has contracted the operation to Connex. The Stockholm Metro was the site of distribution for the first edition of Metro, now a world-wide chain of free newspapers.

1 Lines
2 Technology
3 See also
4 External links

Lines

The Green line has 49 stations: 12 subterranean (9 concrete, 3 rock) and 37 surface stations. The track is 41,256 metres long. It was opened 1 October 1950 (between Slussen and Hökarängen stations).
The Red line has 36 stations: 20 subterranean (4 concrete, 16 rock) and 15 surface stations. The track is 41,238 metres long. It was opened 5 April 1964.
The Blue line has 20 stations: 19 subterranean (all rock) and 1 surface station. The track is 25,516 metres long. It was opened 31 August 1975.

Line	Stretch	Opened	Length	Stations
10	Kungsträdgården - Hjulsta	1975-08-31	15.1 km	12
11	Kungsträdgården - Akalla	1977-06-05	15.6 km	12
13	Norsborg - Ropsten	1967-09-02	26.6 km	25
14	Fruängen - Mörby C	1973-09-30	19.5 km	19
17	Åkeshov - Skarpnäck	1958-11-19	19.6 km	24
18	Alvik - Farsta strand	1957-11-24	18.4 km	23
19	Hässelby strand - Hagsätra	1951-09-09	28.6 km	35
Total		1950-10-01	143.4 km	100

Technology

Image:Stockholm Tunnelbana 1.jpg

Image:Stockholm Tunnelbana train C20.jpg

The Tunnelbana runs electrically using a current rail with an operating voltage of 650V DC.

The system mainly uses 271 modern carriages, but there are also around 200 1970s and 1980s carriages. A full length train has up to eight old carriages or three new carriages. The length is therefore 140 metres. The older carriages, types C1-C15, are 17.62m long, 2.8m wide and 3.8m high. They weigh between 20 and 30 tonnes and hold 48 seated passengers (384 passengers in an 8 carriage train). The trains normally operate with six or eight carriages.

The majority of the older carriages have now been replaced with the Vagn 2000 (type C20), introduced in 1998. These normally operate with 2-3 carriages each 46.5 metres in length and hold 414 seated passengers. The older trains can occasionally be seen during rush hour on the red and blue lines. Only carriage types C6, C9, C14 and C15 are still in use. These carriage types are now named Cx.

A crowded train carries between 1000-1200 passengers.

The maximum speed is 80 km/h (50 km/h at the platforms). Maximum acceleration and deceleration is 0.8m/s².

To allow close-running trains with a high level of safety, the Tunnelbana uses a continuous signal safety system, which involves information being sent to the train's safety system continually. The signal is picked up through two antennae placed in front of the first wheel axle and compared with data about the train's speed. Automatic breaking will be triggered if the train is going too fast according to current information. The driver is given information about the speed limit through a chart in the driver's cabin. The system allows two trains to come close to each other but prevents collisions occuring at speeds greater than 15 km/h.

More modern systems also ensure that stop signals are not passed. Another possiblity is ATO-driving (Automatic Train Operation) which helps the driver by driving the train automatically. However, the driver still operates the door controls and allows the train to start.