Thomas Boleyn, 1st Earl of Wiltshire
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Thomas Boleyn, 1st Earl of Wiltshire and 1st Earl of Ormonde (about 1477 - 12 March 1538/9), was a Tudor diplomat and politician and the father of Anne Boleyn, the second Queen of King Henry VIII. was born and buried at the family home, Hever Castle.
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Family
He was born to William Boleyn (c. 1451 - October 10, 1505) and Margaret Butler (1465 - 1540). His paternal grandfather Geoffrey Boleyn (d. 1471) had served as Lord Mayor of London in 1457. His paternal grandmother Anne Hoo (c. 1425 - 1484) was herself daughter of Thomas, 1st Baron Hoo and Hastings and Elizabeth Wychingham. His maternal grandfather was Thomas Butler, 7th Earl of Ormonde (c. 1424 - August 3, 1515). His maternal grandmother Anne Hankford was herself granddaughter to John Montacute, 3rd Earl of Salisbury.
Boleyn married Lady Elizabeth Howard, daughter of Thomas Howard, 2nd Duke of Norfolk. They had at least five children:
- Lady Mary Boleyn (c. 1501 - July 19, 1543).
- George Boleyn, Viscount Rochford (c. 1503 - May 17, 1536).
- Lady Anne Boleyn, later Queen Anne (c. 1507 - May 19, 1536).
- Thomas Boleyn. Considered to have died young.
- Henry Boleyn. Considered to have died young.
Career
Through the connections of his extended family, he became one of King Henry VIII's leading diplomats. Known missions were:
- 1512 : one of a party of 3 envoys to the Netherlands.
- 1518 - 1521 : Ambassador to France, where he was involved in arrangements for the "Field of Cloth of Gold" meeting between Henry and the new French king Frances I in 1520.
- 1521 and 1523 : Envoy to Charles, prince of Castile, the Holy Roman Emperor.
- 1527 : One of a large envoy to France
- 1529 : Envoy to a meeting of Charles, Holy Roman Emperor and Pope Clement VII, to seek support for the divorce of Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon - perhaps not the best person to send when the Henry planned to marry Thomas's own daughter Anne. This was followed by another envoy to France.
In between, he sacrificed the members of his family to win favours from King Henry VIII: He garnered honours by letting the King dally with his elder daughter Mary, then marry his younger daughter Anne. Thomas's ambition was so considerable that rumour had it that he had even allowed his own wife to have an affair with the King, but these rumours have been disproved by modern historians.
Boleyn was created Viscount Rochford in the Peerage of England in 1525, and Earl of Wiltshire in the Peerage of England and Earl of Ormonde in the Peerage of Ireland on 8 December 1529, probably due to Anne's relationship with the King. His son, who predeceased him, was known by the viscomitial title; due to this, all of his titles became extinct upon his death.
Thomas acquiesced in the judicial murder of Anne and her brother Lord Rochford when the king discarded Anne in favor of Jane Seymour. The kindest assessment of him is that he was very much a product of the times.
| Preceded by: Cuthbert Tunstall | Lord Privy Seal 1530–1536 | Succeeded by: Thomas Cromwell |
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See also
Categories: 1477 births | 1539 deaths | Knights of the Garter | Lords Privy Seal | Earls in the Peerage of England | Earls in the Peerage of Ireland | Tudor people
