Torpedo bomber
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A torpedo bomber is a bomber aircraft designed primarily to attack ships with torpedoes, but they could also carry out conventional bombings.
The torpedo bomber first appeared during the later years of World War I. As an airborne torpedo could weigh as much as 2000 pounds (or 907 kilograms, more than twice the bombload of a contemporary single-engined bomber), the aircraft carrying it needed to have a more powerful engine. Carrying torpedoes also required a long bomb-bay (or in any case a longer fuselage), which was why a special type of plane was needed for this role.
Torpedo bombers existed almost exclusively prior to and during WWII. During the war they were an important player in many famous battles, notably the British attack at Taranto and the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. Torpedo bombers disappeared almost immediately at the end of the war, replaced by more generalized aircraft, and then missiles. Since the mid-1950s some maritime strike aircraft and helicopters have been capable of launching torpedoes.
Some important torpedo bombers
- Douglas TBD Devastator
- Fairey Swordfish
- Fairey Barracuda
- Savoia-Marchetti SM.79 Sparviero
- Nakajima B5N Kate
- Grumman TBF Avenger
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